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The relationship between implicit motives and physical activity: a scoping review.

Julian Brummer1,2,3, Nikkil Sudharsanan4,5, Martin G Köllner6

  • 1Department of Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. julian.brummer@dkfz-heidelberg.de.

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Implicit motives, like the achievement motive, show a positive link with physical activity, especially in sports. More research is needed to confirm these findings in the general population.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Sports Science
  • Behavioral Medicine

Background:

  • Implicit motives, affect-based motivational dispositions, may enhance physical activity by increasing enjoyment.
  • No prior synthesis exists for empirical data linking major implicit motives (achievement, affiliation, power) to physical activity.
  • This study addresses this research gap by reviewing existing evidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize evidence on the relationship between implicit motives and physical activity.
  • To identify the extent and nature of this association across different motives.
  • To highlight methodological strengths and limitations in current research.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic scoping review of literature from PsycInfo, PubMed, and Web of Science databases until August 2024.
  • Inclusion of German/English peer-reviewed publications (observational or intervention studies) linking implicit motives to physical activity.
  • Qualitative synthesis and critical appraisal of methodological quality using an adapted JBI checklist.

Main Results:

  • Five publications (seven studies, N=550) were included, all observational.
  • A consistent positive association was found between the achievement motive and physical activity, particularly in athletes.
  • Associations with affiliation and power motives were mixed; methodological concerns were noted across studies.

Conclusions:

  • The achievement motive is positively associated with physical activity, especially in sports contexts.
  • Limitations include a lack of intervention studies and reliance on non-gold standard assessment methods.
  • Further methodologically rigorous research is required, particularly in the general population.