Bipolar disorder among individuals with atopic dermatitis: a case-control study in the All of Us Research Program

Atopic dermatitis (AD) has been associated with psychiatric comorbidities.

To characterize the association between AD and bipolar disorder (BPD) with a case-control study of the National Institutes of Health All of Us Research Program.

We used Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine diagnostic codes to identify cases of AD. Four age-, sex- and race/ethnicity-matched controls were found for each case using propensity score matching. After controlling for age, sex, race/ethnicity, income, smoking status and depression, the relationship between AD and BPD was evaluated using logistic regression.

We identified 13 431 AD cases and 53 724 matched controls. Participants with AD were more likely than controls to have BPD (7.8% vs. 4.6%, P < 0.001). After adjusting for demographics and comorbidities, we observed a significant association (odds ratio 1.49, 95% confidence interval 1.37-1.62; P < 0.001).

Compared with individuals without AD, individuals with AD have 1.49-fold increased odds of having BPD. Further investigation is needed to gain a better understanding of this association.