Magnetic solid extraction of PCBs in the fruit juices based on polyaniline-modified CoFe₂O₄@Ti₃C₂ composite

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been known pollutants, which are ubiquitous in various matrix, even in some food products and beverages like fruit juices. It is of great importance to develop efficient and simple method to detect them in such matrix. In this work, an effective magnetic composite integrating the advantages of the magnism of CoFe₂O₄, hydrophilicity and multisites of Ti₃C₂ and high adsorption properties of polyaniline (CoFe₂O₄@Ti₃C₂@PANI) was designed and synthesized. CoFe₂O₄@Ti₃C₂@PANI-based magnetic solid-phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was established for determination of nine PCBs in fruit juices. The developed method achieved low detection limits of 0.4-0.8 ng L^-1. The established method was validated with three beverages and achieved good spiked recoveries ranging from 77.2 % to 104.7 %. These findings exhibited that the established method was very simple, efficient, and credible for the analysis of PCBs in food, environmental, and other fields.