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Plasmids affect microindel mutations in Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1.

Mikkel M Liljegren1, João A Gama1, Pål J Johnsen1

  • 1Microbial Pharmacology and Population Biology Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.

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|October 20, 2024
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Summary

Plasmids can directly or indirectly cause microindel mutations in host genomes, driven by single-stranded DNA. However, some plasmids may suppress these mutations, offering new insights into genome evolution.

Keywords:
Acinetobacter baylyiDNA recombinationIllegitimate recombinationMicroindelsMutationStrand-displacement

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Plasmids influence host evolution through various mechanisms, including gene carriage and host gene interactions.
  • Microindel mutations arise from single-stranded DNA invading replication forks at microhomologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how different plasmids affect microindel mutation frequencies in the host genome.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying plasmid-induced microindel mutations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing Acinetobacter baylyi as a model organism.
  • Introducing various plasmids from different incompatibility groups (IncQ, IncP, IncN, IncA/C2, IncW, pBBR).
  • Analyzing chromosomal microindel mutation frequencies in plasmid-carrying hosts.

Main Results:

  • The IncQ plasmid (pQLICE) directly induced microindel mutations using its own DNA sequences.
  • The IncP plasmid (pRK415) indirectly increased microindel mutations, likely via DNA damage from plasmid-chromosome interactions.
  • The IncN plasmid (RN3) suppressed host microindel mutations, with the mechanism remaining unclear.

Conclusions:

  • Plasmids can be significant drivers of microindel mutations through direct or indirect mechanisms involving single-stranded DNA.
  • Plasmid-induced DNA damage and repair intermediates are implicated in microindel formation.
  • Specific plasmids can also act as suppressors of host mutations, highlighting diverse plasmid-host interactions.