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Emphysematous Cholangitis Caused by Gas-producing Bacteria with an Initial Literature Review
Ryohsuke Yokosuka1, Kazuhiro Ishikawa2, Yuntae Kim1
1Department of Gastroenterology, St. Luke's International Hospital, Japan.
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan)
|October 20, 2024
Summary
Emphysematous cholangitis (EC) is a rare, severe biliary tract infection. Prompt drainage and broad-spectrum antibiotics, including anaerobic coverage, are crucial for managing this condition.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Infectious Diseases
- Surgical Oncology
Background:
- Emphysematous cholecystitis is a severe condition requiring immediate intervention.
- Emphysematous cholangitis (EC) is a rare variant with limited reported cases.
- EC shares similarities with emphysematous cholecystitis, suggesting a similarly poor prognosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a case of emphysematous cholangitis (EC).
- To review the literature on EC, including causative organisms, treatment, and outcomes.
- To compare EC with emphysematous cholecystitis and highlight management strategies.
Main Methods:
- Case report of a 79-year-old female diagnosed with EC.
- Literature search for studies on emphysematous cholangitis.
- Analysis of clinical presentation, treatment, and outcomes from reported cases.
Main Results:
- The patient presented with epigastric pain and rapidly deteriorated.
- Despite prompt drainage and antibiotics, intensive care was required.
- Literature review indicated similarities between EC and emphysematous cholecystitis.
Conclusions:
- Emphysematous cholangitis (EC) requires urgent management similar to emphysematous cholecystitis.
- Expeditious drainage is essential for EC treatment.
- Antibiotic therapy must include coverage for anaerobic bacteria.
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