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Related Concept Videos

Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
Oxidation and Reduction of Organic Molecules01:19

Oxidation and Reduction of Organic Molecules

Energy production within a cell involves many coordinated chemical pathways. Most of these pathways are combinations of oxidation and reduction reactions, which occur at the same time. An oxidation reaction strips an electron from an atom in a compound, and the addition of this electron to another compound is a reduction reaction. Because oxidation and reduction usually occur together, these pairs of reactions are called redox reactions.
The removal of an electron from a molecule, results in a...
Properties of Organometallic Compounds01:23

Properties of Organometallic Compounds

Organometallic compounds are compounds that contain a carbon–metal bond. Carbon belongs to an organyl group like alkyl, aryl, allyl, or benzyl groups. The metal can be from Group I or Group II of the periodic table, a transition metal, or a semimetal.
Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
Extraction: Advanced Methods00:56

Extraction: Advanced Methods

Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is formed in...

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Direct Conversion of Metal Organic Frameworks into Porous Rugby Phosphides by Plasma for Oxygen Evolution.

Guochang Li1, Mang Niu1, Rongzheng An1

  • 1Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.

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Summary

This study introduces a novel carbon-coated NiFeP nanocatalyst for efficient hydrogen production via seawater electrolysis. The plasma-synthesized material shows excellent performance and stability, offering a sustainable energy solution.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Electrolytic seawater offers a sustainable route for hydrogen production.
  • Transition metal phosphides are promising catalysts due to their cost-effectiveness and tunable properties.
  • Developing efficient and stable electrocatalysts is crucial for water electrolysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize carbon layer-coated NiFeP nanocrystals for efficient seawater electrolysis.
  • To investigate the catalytic activity, corrosion resistance, and stability of the synthesized catalyst.
  • To elucidate the mechanism behind the improved oxygen evolution reaction performance through theoretical calculations.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of porous rugby NiFeP nanocrystals coated with carbon layers using Ar-H2 plasma.
  • Electrochemical characterization in alkaline media (freshwater and seawater).
  • Theoretical calculations (Density Functional Theory) to understand reaction mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • The NiFeP catalyst demonstrated excellent activity (300 mV in freshwater, 370 mV in seawater at 1000 mA cm-2) and stability (>100 h).
  • Plasma-assisted low-temperature phosphatization was achieved using activated PH radicals.
  • Theoretical calculations confirmed that Fe introduction and phosphorization enhance oxygen evolution reaction kinetics by weakening *O and *OH adsorption.

Conclusions:

  • Carbon-coated NiFeP nanocrystals are highly effective electrocatalysts for seawater electrolysis.
  • Plasma phosphorization is a viable method for in-situ modification of framework materials for catalysis.
  • This approach presents a sustainable and efficient pathway for green hydrogen production.