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Neural Circuits

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Neural circuits and neuronal pools are two of the main structures found in the nervous system. Neural circuits are networks of neurons that work together to carry out a specific task or process. They consist of interconnected neurons and glial cells, which provide structural and metabolic support.
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Optrode Array for Simultaneous Optogenetic Modulation and Electrical Neural Recording

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Programmable Optical Synaptic Linking of Neuromorphic Photonic-Electronic RTD Spiking Circuits.

Matěj Hejda^1,2, Weikang Zhang¹, Qusay Raghib Ali Al-Taai³

¹Institute of Photonics, SUPA Dept of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G11XQ, United Kingdom.

ACS Photonics

|October 21, 2024

Summary

Researchers demonstrated a novel optical synaptic link for neuromorphic photonics. This breakthrough enables cascaded spike propagation between optoelectronic spiking artificial neurons, advancing photonic-electronic neural networks.

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Area of Science:

Neuromorphic Engineering
Optoelectronics
Artificial Intelligence Hardware

Background:

Interconnectivity is crucial for neuromorphic systems, but optical synaptic links and neuron cascadability remain experimental challenges.
Spiking artificial neurons are key components, but integrating them optically with synaptic functionality is largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To experimentally demonstrate a programmable optical synaptic link for optoelectronic spiking artificial neurons.
To enable cascadable spike propagation and dynamic weighting in photonic neuromorphic circuits.

Main Methods:

Utilized resonant tunneling diodes (RTDs) in optoelectronic (OE) circuits to create spiking artificial neurons.
Implemented multimodal (electrical and optical) inputs for deterministic spiking.
Demonstrated feedforward linking with dynamically weighted optical spike signals between neurons.

Main Results:

Achieved deterministic spiking in RTD-based OE artificial neurons using multimodal inputs.
Showcased feedforward linking and cascaded spike activation between pre- and postsynaptic RTD neurons.
Demonstrated that postsynaptic activation probability is directly controllable by the amplitude of weighted optical spikes.

Conclusions:

Provided the first experimental demonstration of a programmable optical synaptic link for RTD OE spiking artificial neurons.
Established key functionality for photonic-electronic spiking neural networks and light-enabled neuromorphic hardware.
Paved the way for advanced, cascaded neuromorphic systems using optical interconnects.