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The COVID-19 Pandemic's Effect on Preventive Imaging.

Jenny L Weon1, Yin Xi2, Yee Seng Ng2

  • 1Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.

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|October 21, 2024
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Summary

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly decreased preventive imaging, including mammograms and bone density scans, with notable racial disparities. Some groups saw increased bone density scans post-pandemic, while others experienced sharp declines.

Keywords:
COVID-19Preventive imagingbone densitylung cancermammogramscreening

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Public Health
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • Preventive care imaging may be perceived as nonurgent, raising concerns about pandemic-related disruptions.
  • Assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on preventive imaging is crucial for understanding potential disparities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on preventive care imaging volumes.
  • To identify associations between the pandemic and changes in imaging for diverse racial and ethnic groups.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective observational study of weekly imaging volumes from January 2019 to May 2022.
  • Comparison of pre- and post-pandemic shutdown periods using t-tests and interrupted time series models stratified by race and ethnicity.

Main Results:

  • Significant decreases observed in mammograms, bone density examinations, and aortic ultrasounds post-pandemic shutdown.
  • Mammogram volumes decreased significantly for Hispanic/Latino patients immediately after shutdown.
  • Bone density scan volumes unexpectedly increased for Hispanic/Latino and non-Hispanic Black patients, but decreased sharply for 'Other' race patients.

Conclusions:

  • The pandemic shutdown led to significant decreases in key preventive imaging modalities.
  • Racial and ethnic disparities were evident, with varied impacts on mammogram and bone density scan volumes.
  • Healthcare systems must actively engage patients to ensure catch-up on recommended preventive screenings.