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Apolipoprotein E quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

J Bury, R Vercaemst, M Rosseneu

    Clinical Chemistry
    |February 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    A new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay accurately measures apolipoprotein E (apo E) in serum. Elevated apo E levels were found in hyperlipoproteinemia, particularly types III and V, showing a redistribution in triglyceride-rich lipoproteins.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Clinical Chemistry
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Apolipoprotein E (apo E) plays a crucial role in lipoprotein metabolism.
    • Quantification of apo E is important for diagnosing and managing dyslipidemias.
    • Existing methods for apo E measurement may lack sensitivity or specificity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a sensitive and specific assay for quantifying apolipoprotein E (apo E) in human serum and lipoprotein fractions.
    • To assess apo E concentrations in normolipidemic subjects and patients with various types of hyperlipoproteinemia.
    • To investigate the relationship between apo E levels, lipid profiles, and lipoprotein distribution.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a "sandwich"-type enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) utilizing affinity-purified antibodies.

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  • Assay validation for sensitivity, specificity, precision, accuracy, and speed (results within 5 hours).
  • Measurement of apo E in serum and lipoprotein fractions of normolipidemic subjects and hyperlipoproteinemia patients using gel filtration.

    • Main Results:

    • The developed ELISA is rapid, precise (intra-assay CV 4.3%, inter-assay CV 8.2%), accurate, and simple to perform.
    • Mean apo E concentration in 47 normolipidemic subjects was 38.11 mg/L.
    • All hyperlipoproteinemia types showed above-normal apo E levels, especially types III and V.
    • Apo E correlated positively with triglyceride (r=0.58) and cholesterol (r=0.60) concentrations.
    • Hypertriglyceridemia was associated with apo E redistribution to triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (77.1% in type V vs. 12.5% in normal subjects).

    Conclusions:

    • The "sandwich" ELISA is a reliable method for quantifying apolipoprotein E in serum and lipoprotein fractions.
    • Elevated and redistributed apo E is characteristic of hyperlipoproteinemia, particularly types III and V.
    • This assay facilitates further research into the role of apo E in lipid disorders.