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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2025

A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis

A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis

Published on: February 7, 2025

High-cost users after sepsis: a population-based observational cohort study.

Kali A Barrett^1,2,3,4, Fatima Sheikh⁵, Victoria Chechulina⁶

¹Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. kali.barrett@uhn.ca.

Critical Care (London, England)

|October 21, 2024

Summary

Sepsis survivors are more likely to become high-cost users (HCU) of the healthcare system, incurring significantly higher costs post-discharge. This highlights the long-term economic impact of sepsis beyond initial hospitalization.

Keywords:

Healthcare costs Healthcare utilization High-cost users Sepsis

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A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis

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Area of Science:

Health Services Research
Public Health
Epidemiology

Background:

High-cost users (HCU) are a focus for health policy due to significant healthcare expenditures.
Sepsis is a severe condition linked to high morbidity, mortality, and substantial economic burden on healthcare systems.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the impact of sepsis on an individual's likelihood of becoming a subsequent high-cost user after hospital discharge.
To quantify the proportion of follow-up time spent as a high-cost user among sepsis survivors.

Main Methods:

A population-based, propensity score-weighted cohort study was conducted using linked health-administrative databases in Ontario, Canada.
Adults hospitalized between January 2016 and December 2017 who survived were included, with sepsis identified via a validated algorithm.
The primary outcome assessed was persistent high-cost user status (top 5% or 1% of healthcare spending for 90 consecutive days) and time spent as a HCU post-discharge.

Main Results:

Sepsis survivors were significantly more likely to be in the top 5% HCU group (OR 2.24) and spent a greater proportion of follow-up time as a HCU (42.3% vs. 28.9%).
Individuals with sepsis also had a higher likelihood of being in the top 1% HCU group (OR 2.05) and spent more time in this highest spending category (18.5% vs. 10.8%).

Conclusions:

The long-term consequences of sepsis contribute to increased healthcare costs, presenting significant economic implications.
Sepsis survivors are more likely to become and remain high-cost users of healthcare services following their hospital discharge compared to non-sepsis patients.