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[Pathogenesis and pathological anatomy of chlamydial infections]

P A Drozdovskaya1,2, V A Zinserling1,2,3

  • 1Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia.

Arkhiv Patologii
|October 22, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Chlamydial infections are a global health issue, often underestimated in clinical practice. This review covers their epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment, highlighting challenges in managing persistent and extragenital forms.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Chlamydial infections represent a significant global health challenge with complex epidemiological and clinical profiles.
  • Current understanding of chlamydial nomenclature, pathogenesis, and disease progression requires comprehensive review.
  • The underestimation of chlamydial infections in clinical practice necessitates a re-evaluation of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a modern overview of chlamydial infections, encompassing nomenclature, epidemiology, etiology, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment.
  • To highlight the potential role of chlamydiae in various infectious and somatic diseases.
  • To detail pathomorphological alterations in human tissues associated with both primary and chronic chlamydial infections.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of chlamydial infections.
  • Analysis of current nomenclature and epidemiological data.
  • Examination of etiological factors, clinical presentations, pathogenesis, and diagnostic/therapeutic approaches.

Main Results:

  • Chlamydial infections are widespread, with significant implications for public health.
  • Chlamydiae are implicated in a range of infectious and somatic diseases beyond typical presentations.
  • Pathomorphological changes in human tissues during chlamydial infection, especially chronic forms, are crucial but often overlooked.
  • Key challenges include underdiagnosis, difficulty in detecting extragenital infections, and lack of effective treatments for persistent forms.

Conclusions:

  • There is a critical need to improve the recognition and diagnosis of chlamydial infections globally.
  • Effective strategies for diagnosing and treating persistent and extragenital chlamydiosis are lacking.
  • Further research into the pathomorphology and development of specific prevention methods for chlamydial infections is essential.

Keywords:
chlamydiachlamydiosisinfectionpathogenesis

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