Selenium supplementation elevated SELENBP1 to inhibit fibroblast activation in pulmonary arterial hypertension

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a life-threatening disease induced by abnormal activation of pulmonary adventitial fibroblasts (PAFs) in the early stage. The association between selenium deficiency and PAH is not yet fully understood. In this study, we found that the serum selenium content of PAH patients was significantly lower than that of healthy volunteers in two independent cohorts. Moreover, PAH patients with lower selenium levels may present poorer prognosis. Prophylactic selenium supplementation could effectively improve hemodynamics and pulmonary vascular remodeling in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension rat models. Mechanistically, selenium supplementation restored the level of selenium binding protein 1 (SELENBP1) which could exert an antagonistic effect on PAF activation. The rescue assay further proved that selenium supplementation worked in a SELENBP1-dependent manner. These findings demonstrated that selenium deficiency is an important risk factor in PAH, and the selenium-SELENBP1 axis represents a promising target for PAH prevention.