Correlation between sphenoid sinus pneumatization and sella turcica dimensions using computed tomography

Area of Science:

• Anatomy
• Radiology
• Craniomaxillofacial Surgery

Background:

• The sella turcica (ST) and sphenoid sinus (SS) are critical anatomical structures in the skull base.
• Understanding their dimensions and variations is essential for surgical interventions and diagnosing related pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine sella turcica (ST) dimensions in relation to sex, age, and sphenoid sinus (SS) pneumatization patterns.
• To investigate the correlation between ST size and SS pneumatization.

Main Methods:

• Cross-sectional study analyzing CT images of 99 Iraqi individuals (53 men, 46 women).
• Measurements included ST length, width, height, depth, and surface area.
• SS pneumatization patterns were classified and analyzed by sex and age.

Main Results:

• Women had significantly greater mean ST depth (9.37 mm) than men (8.19 mm).
• Middle-aged individuals showed significantly larger ST diameter (13.1 mm) compared to young adults (11.83 mm).
• Significant differences in ST area were observed between sexes, with a notable correlation between ST size and SS pneumatization.

Conclusions:

• ST depth and diameter exhibit statistically significant variations based on sex and age.
• Sphenoid sinus (SS) pneumatization patterns are diverse and correlate with ST size, highlighting their importance in surgical planning to prevent iatrogenic injuries.