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Related Concept Videos

Integrins01:10

Integrins

3.8K
Animal and protozoan cells do not have cell walls to help maintain shape and provide structural stability. Instead, these eukaryotic cells secrete a sticky mass of carbohydrates and proteins into the spaces between adjacent cells. This network of proteins and molecules is called an extracellular matrix or ECM.
Some ECM proteins assemble into a basement membrane to which the remaining components adhere. Proteoglycans typically form the bulk of the ECM while fibrous proteins, like collagen,...
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Activation of Integrins01:15

Activation of Integrins

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Integrins bind ligands and transmit information from outside the cell to inside or vice-versa through an "outside-in signaling" or "inside-out signaling."
In "outside-in signaling," external factors in the extracellular space bind to exposed ligand binding sites on integrins. This causes the inactive protein to undergo a conformational change to become active. Integrins are often clustered on the cell membrane. Repetitive and regularly spaced ligand binding...
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Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

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Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
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Selectins01:25

Selectins

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Cell adhesion is  an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain,...
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Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions01:20

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

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Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily  involved...
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Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

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Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2025

A 3D Spheroid Model as a More Physiological System for Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Differentiation and Invasion In Vitro Studies
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Comprehensive Characterization of the Integrin Family Across 32 Cancer Types.

Cheng Zou1, Jinwei Zhu1, Jiangling Xiong1

  • 1Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Molecular Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.

Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics
|October 22, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Integrin gene alterations are common in cancer and often promote tumor growth. A new integrinScore system effectively identifies aggressive tumors and predicts immunotherapy response, aiding targeted therapy development.

Keywords:
ImmunotherapyIntegrinPan-cancerTranscriptional regulationTumor microenvironment

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Characterization of Cell Membrane Extensions and Studying Their Roles in Cancer Cell Adhesion Dynamics
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Characterization of Cell Membrane Extensions and Studying Their Roles in Cancer Cell Adhesion Dynamics
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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Integrin genes play a crucial role in tumorigenesis.
  • A comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of integrin family members and their interactome is currently lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically analyze the integrin family across 32 cancer types.
  • To develop a clinical tool for assessing integrin signaling in individual tumors.
  • To explore potential therapeutic strategies targeting integrin signaling.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic analysis of integrin family alterations and expression in approximately 10,000 tumors.
  • Development of a weighted scoring system (integrinScore) for integrin signaling.
  • Correlation analysis of integrinScore with tumor characteristics, molecular subtypes, and immunotherapy response.
  • Mining drug databases for compounds targeting integrin signaling.
  • Construction of the Pan-cancer Integrin Explorer (PIExplorer) database.

Main Results:

  • Integrin alterations and dysregulation are frequent and generally protumorigenic across cancers.
  • Integrin expression dysregulation, more than mutations, identifies aggressive tumors with high proliferation and stemness.
  • The integrinScore effectively correlates with molecular subtypes, tumor aggressiveness, proliferation, stemness, tumor microenvironment, metastasis, and immune signatures.
  • IntegrinScore predicts patient response to immunotherapy.
  • Numerous compounds targeting integrin signaling were identified.

Conclusions:

  • Integrins are critical players in tumorigenesis with context-dependent regulatory mechanisms.
  • The integrinScore serves as a valuable tool for stratifying tumors and predicting clinical outcomes.
  • This study provides a comprehensive resource and rationale for developing integrin-targeted therapies.