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Related Concept Videos

Classification and Mechanical Properties of Synthetic Polymers01:28

Classification and Mechanical Properties of Synthetic Polymers

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Synthetic polymers are classified as elastomers, fibers, or plastics based on their crystallinity. Crystallinity, the degree of long-range order in the solid state, influences the mechanical properties (stretching or contracting) of elastomers. Elastomers are flexible polymers that can expand or contract easily upon the application of an external force. They have numerous crosslinks that pull them back into their original shape when stress is removed. Silicones, for instance, are highly elastic...
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Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
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Bioplastics

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Bioplastics derived from microbial processes present a sustainable alternative to conventional petroleum-based plastics. Among these, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), particularly polyhydroxybutyrates (PHBs), have emerged as prominent candidates due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. These polymers are synthesized by a variety of bacteria, such as Cupriavidus necator and Pseudomonas putida, which naturally accumulate PHAs as intracellular carbon and energy reserves, especially under...
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Polyurethanes and Their Biomedical Applications.

Sepideh Azarmgin1,2, Bahman Torabinejad2,3, Rooja Kalantarzadeh3,4

  • 1Department of Biology and Chemistry, Texas A&M International University, Laredo, Texas 78041, United States.

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
|October 22, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Polyurethanes (PUs) offer tunable properties for biomedical uses. Research highlights their biocompatibility, modifiable surfaces, and potential in tissue engineering, driving innovation in medical materials.

Keywords:
BiodegradationBiomedical applicationsPolyurethaneSynthesis and properties

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Polyurethanes (PUs) exhibit tunable mechanical properties and biocompatibility, making them suitable for biomedical applications.
  • Surface modification of PUs can mitigate issues like platelet absorption and thrombus formation.
  • Growing interest in biobased polyurethanes addresses sustainability concerns in material development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review synthesis methods, physicochemical properties, and degradation pathways of polyurethanes.
  • To summarize recent advances in applying various polyurethanes in diverse biomedical fields.
  • To discuss challenges and future prospects for novel polyurethane materials in clinical translation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of polyurethane synthesis and characterization.
  • Analysis of studies on polyurethane applications in cardiovascular devices, internal organ implants, and tissue engineering.
  • Examination of research on degradation mechanisms and biobased polyurethane development.

Main Results:

  • PUs are widely used in cardiovascular applications and as implantable materials due to their favorable biocompatibility and stability.
  • Polyurethanes show significant potential in bone tissue engineering as injectable grafts and scaffolds.
  • Recent progress covers applications from wound repair to orthopedic implants like hip replacements.

Conclusions:

  • Polyurethanes are versatile biomaterials with established and emerging applications.
  • Further research into biobased PUs and addressing degradation are key for future development.
  • Overcoming translational challenges is crucial for the clinical adoption of novel polyurethane materials.