Primary adrenal teratoma in an infant: A case report and literature review

Teratomas are germ cell neoplasms arising from the totipotent stem cells. Retroperitoneal teratomas are very rare, accounting for about 5 % of all teratomas of those, primary adrenal ones are exceedingly rare, with few cases reported in the English literature in pediatric age group.

A nine-month-old female presented with a two-month history of gradually increasing abdominal distention, her physical examination revealed a palpable large abdominal mass. Abdominal CT imaging showed a right suprarenal heterogeneous mass. Oncological resection was performed, and histopathology confirmed a primary mature adrenal teratoma.

The diagnosis of primary adrenal teratoma is usually challenging and relies predominantly on imaging studies, and histopathological finding.

Primary adrenal teratoma is extremely rare in pediatric age group, and present a significant diagnostic challenge, as a result it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pediatric patients with adrenal masses.