Increased intra-individual variability among individuals with ADHD: first evidence from numerosity judgment and verbal and quantitative reasoning
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show greater performance variability in numerical tasks and reasoning skills compared to those without ADHD. This indicates less precise cognitive measurements in individuals with ADHD.
Area Of Science
- Cognitive Psychology
- Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Psychometrics
Background
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is associated with cognitive challenges.
- Intra-individual variability (IIV) in performance is a key area of investigation.
- Understanding IIV in ADHD is crucial for cognitive and assessment fields.
Purpose Of The Study
- To investigate increased intra-individual variability (IIV) in individuals with ADHD.
- To examine IIV in numerosity judgments and quantitative/verbal reasoning.
- To compare IIV between individuals with and without ADHD.
Main Methods
- Study 1: Assessed numerosity judgments at two time-points in ~200 participants, correlating IIV with ADHD symptom severity.
- Study 2: Analyzed IIV in quantitative and verbal reasoning scores from a high-stakes admissions test for ~3000 individuals with ADHD and ~200,000 controls.
- Controlled for performance level in both studies.
Main Results
- Study 1 found a positive correlation between IIV and ADHD symptom severity.
- Study 2 showed significantly greater IIV in individuals with ADHD compared to controls.
- These findings held true even after controlling for overall performance levels.
Conclusions
- Individuals with ADHD exhibit less consistent performance in numerosity judgments and reasoning tasks compared to neurotypical individuals.
- The measurement of cognitive constructs appears less precise in individuals with ADHD.
- Results have implications for judgment and decision-making research and psychological assessment.
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