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Intra-carotid body inter-cellular communication.

Liam P Argent1, Aabharika Bose1, Julian F R Paton1

  • 1Manaaki Manawa - the Centre for Heart Research, Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand
|October 23, 2024
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Understanding carotid body (CB) signaling is key to treating cardio-respiratory diseases. This review explores CB intercellular communication, identifying potential therapeutic targets for pathological hyperactivity.

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Carotid bodychemoreflexchemosensationglomus cellsinter-cellular signallingsustentacular cellstype I cellstype II cellsvisceral sensory neurons

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Cardiovascular Science

Background:

  • The carotid body (CB) is a crucial chemosensory organ regulating homeostasis via the peripheral chemoreflex.
  • Aberrant chronic activation of the CB contributes to sympathetic overactivity in diseases like hypertension, diabetes, and heart failure.
  • Carotid body resection has severe side effects, necessitating alternative therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review intercellular communication mechanisms within the carotid body.
  • To identify signaling pathways involved in pathological CB hyperactivity.
  • To highlight potential therapeutic targets for modulating CB output without resection.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on carotid body physiology and pathology.
  • Analysis of various intercellular signaling mechanisms, including synaptic transmission, ATP signaling, and gap junction communication.
  • Focus on mechanisms relevant to disease-associated carotid body hyperactivity.

Main Results:

  • The carotid body functions as an integrated circuit with diverse intercellular communication modes.
  • Non-canonical signaling pathways, such as ATP-induced ATP release and gap junctions, play significant roles.
  • Altered intracellular communication is implicated in the pathological hyperactivity of the carotid body.

Conclusions:

  • Modulating carotid body output by targeting specific intercellular communication pathways offers a promising therapeutic approach.
  • Understanding the integrated signaling network within the carotid body is essential for developing novel treatments for cardio-respiratory diseases.
  • Identifying and targeting aberrant signaling mechanisms presents a viable alternative to carotid body resection.