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Insulin-like growth factor type 2 is a better survival marker than insulin-like growth factor type 1 in patients

Agata Bronisz1, Bartosz J Myśliwiec2, Magdalena Hagner-Derengowska3

  • 1Department of Internal Diseases, Allergology, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Opole, Poland.

Archives of Medical Science : AMS
|October 23, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Lower insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) levels indicate more advanced heart failure (HF) and a higher risk of death. IGF-2, unlike IGF-1, shows a significant association with HF severity and survival outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Decreased insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels are observed in heart failure (HF).
  • IGF-2's role in HF is understudied, despite in vitro evidence of its potent cardiomyocyte proliferative effects compared to IGF-1.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) concentrations in patients with heart failure (HF).
  • To assess the relationship between IGF-1 and IGF-2 levels with HF exacerbation (NYHA class) and 1-year survival rates.

Main Methods:

  • Seventy-five patients hospitalized for new or exacerbated HF underwent anthropometric measurements, laboratory tests, echocardiography, and IGF-1/IGF-2 level assessment.
  • Participants were stratified into NYHA II and NYHA III/IV functional classes.
  • Annual survival was monitored over a 12-month period.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in IGF-1 levels were found across NYHA classes, BMI, metabolic status, or survival groups.
  • IGF-2 concentrations were significantly lower in patients with advanced HF (NYHA III/IV) and in those who died within one year.
  • Positive correlations were observed between IGF-2 and total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced IGF-2 concentration serves as a more sensitive biomarker for advanced heart failure and increased 1-year mortality risk compared to IGF-1.
  • IGF-2 secretion may be influenced by cholesterol levels in heart failure patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
heart failureinsulin-like growth factortype 2

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