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Absence of Thermalization in Finite Isolated Interacting Floquet Systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Dynamics
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Interacting periodically driven (Floquet) systems typically evolve to a featureless maximal entropy state at long times.
  • Disorder or specific drive frequencies are usually required to achieve non-thermal behavior in such systems.
  • Understanding long-time dynamics is crucial for quantum control and information processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate non-thermal behavior in clean, isolated, periodically driven interacting systems.
  • To explore the role of finite system size in the long-time dynamics of Floquet systems.
  • To identify mechanisms that prevent the system from reaching a featureless maximal entropy state.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of a one-dimensional system of spinless fermions with nearest-neighbor interactions.
  • Focus on a driven interaction term without a static component.
  • Examination of Floquet eigenstates and quasienergy spectrum.

Main Results:

  • Floquet eigenstates exhibit non-thermal behavior even in clean systems due to finite size effects.
  • The quasienergy spectrum displays gaps.
  • A significant fraction of Floquet eigenstates show non-thermal average doublon densities across all quasienergies.
  • Emergent integrability at large interaction strength is identified as the cause of this behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Finite system size can induce non-thermal behavior in clean Floquet systems, challenging conventional wisdom.
  • Emergent integrability plays a key role, with its breakdown dependent on system size.
  • This finding opens new avenues for realizing exotic quantum states in driven systems.