Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 25, 2026
Quantitative Immunohistochemistry of the Cellular Microenvironment in Patient Glioblastoma Resections
Published on: July 31, 2017
The prognostic significance of synchronous metastasis in glioblastoma multiforme patients: a propensity score-matched
Hui Shen1,2, Qing Mei3, Xubin Chai2,4
1Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Background:
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) with synchronous metastasis(SM) is a rare occurrence. We extracted the data of GBM patients from the SEER database to look into the incidence of SM in GBM, determine the prognostic significance of SM in GBM, and assess therapeutic options for patients presenting with SM.
Methods:
From 2004 to 2015, information on GBM patients was obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The propensity score matching (PSM) method was employed to mitigate confounding factors between SM and non-SM groups, subsequently investigating the prognostic significance of SM in patients with GBM. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were employed to identify independent prognostic variables for GBM patients with SM. A forest plot was used to visualize the results.
Results:
A cohort of 19,708 patients was obtained from the database, among which 272 (1.4%) had SM at the time of diagnosis. Following PSM at a 3:1 ratio, in both univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis, SM (HR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.09-1.46) was found to be an independent predictive predictor for GBM patients. Furthermore, the Cox proportional hazard forest plot demonstrated that independent risk variables for GBM patients with SM included age (Old vs. Young, HR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.11-1.88), surgery (biopsy vs. no surgery, HR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.46-0.96;Subtotal resection vs. no surgery, HR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.32-0.68;Gross total resection vs. no surgery, HR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.31-0.62), radiotherapy (HR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.41-0.83), and chemotherapy (HR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.36-0.72).
Conclusion:
The predictive value of SM in GBM was determined by this propensity-matched analysis using data from the SEER database. Radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery constitute an effective treatment regimen for patients with SM. A more positive approach toward the use of aggressive treatment for GBM patients with SM may be warranted.
Insights
Synchronous metastasis (SM) in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is rare but significantly impacts prognosis. Aggressive treatment including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy improves outcomes for GBM patients with SM.
Area of Science:
- Neuro-oncology
- Cancer epidemiology
- Clinical research
Background:
- Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) with synchronous metastasis (SM) is a rare clinical presentation.
- Understanding the incidence, prognostic impact, and optimal treatment of SM in GBM is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the incidence of SM in GBM using the SEER database.
- To determine the prognostic significance of SM in GBM patients.
- To assess therapeutic strategies for GBM with SM.
Main Methods:
- Data from 19,708 GBM patients (2004-2015) were extracted from the SEER database.
- Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance confounding factors between SM and non-SM groups.
- Multivariate Cox regression and forest plots analyzed prognostic variables.
Main Results:
- SM was identified in 1.4% of GBM patients.
- SM was an independent predictor of poorer prognosis (HR=1.27).
- Independent risk factors for GBM with SM included older age, and receipt of surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy.
Conclusions:
- Propensity-matched analysis confirmed SM as a significant prognostic factor in GBM.
- Combined treatment with surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy is effective for GBM with SM.
- Aggressive treatment approaches are warranted for GBM patients presenting with SM.
Related Concept Videos
02:07Tumor Progression
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
02:07Tumor Progression
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
01:21Cancer Survival Analysis