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Related Concept Videos

Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

944
A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

1.1K
A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
1.1K
Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

2.4K
Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
2.4K
Eddy Currents01:25

Eddy Currents

1.5K
Since eddy currents occur only in conductors, magnets can separate metals from other materials. For example, in a recycling center, trash is dumped in batches down a ramp, beneath which lies a powerful magnet. Conductors in the trash are slowed by eddy currents, while nonmetals in the trash move on, separating from the metals. This works for all metals, not just ferromagnetic ones.
Other major applications of eddy currents appear in metal detectors and the braking systems of trains and roller...
1.5K

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Advanced Experimental Methods for Low-temperature Magnetotransport Measurement of Novel Materials
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Towards high-field applications: high-performance, low-cost iron-based superconductors.

Chiheng Dong1,2,3, Qingjin Xu4,3, Yanwei Ma1,3

  • 1Key Laboratory of Applied Superconductivity, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.

National Science Review
|October 23, 2024
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Summary

Iron-based superconductors offer a cost-effective path to high-field magnets for fusion energy and accelerators. This review details their fabrication, properties, and applications, highlighting future challenges for these advanced materials.

Keywords:
critical current densityflux pinninghigh-field magnetsiron-based superconductorssuperconducting jointssuperconducting wires

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Superconductivity

Background:

  • High magnetic fields are essential for fusion energy, particle accelerators, and MRI.
  • Current superconducting magnets are expensive, limiting widespread application.
  • Iron-based superconductors present an affordable alternative for high-field magnet technology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the fabrication and current transport properties of iron-based superconducting wires and tapes.
  • To discuss key factors influencing performance, including grain boundaries and flux pinning.
  • To explore recent advancements in practical applications and identify future research directions.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication techniques for iron-based superconducting wires and tapes.
  • Analysis of factors affecting current carrying capacity.
  • Review of experimental data on grain boundary characteristics, flux pinning, and anisotropy.
  • Assessment of performance in practical applications like superconducting joints and insert coils.

Main Results:

  • Iron-based superconducting wires exhibit promising current transport properties.
  • Grain boundary engineering and flux pinning are critical for enhancing performance.
  • Flexible conductor architecture offers mechanical strength and thermal stability.
  • Successful demonstrations in superconducting joints and insert coils.

Conclusions:

  • Iron-based superconductors are a viable, economical solution for high-field magnet applications.
  • Further research is needed to overcome challenges in large-scale manufacturing and long-term stability.
  • Optimizing grain boundaries and flux pinning will be key to unlocking their full potential.