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Related Concept Videos

Nuclear Localization Signals and Import01:46

Nuclear Localization Signals and Import

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Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry short stretches of amino acid sequences called the nuclear localization signal or NLS. Classical nuclear localization signals are of two types: monopartite and bipartite NLS. Monopartite classical NLS (cNLS) consists of a single cluster of 4-8 amino acids. Bipartite cNLS consists of two clusters of  2-3 amino acids and a 9-12 residue long proline-rich linker bridging the two clusters. Signal clusters are rich in positively charged amino acids such as...
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Nuclear Protein Sorting01:34

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Nuclear protein sorting is the selective trafficking of histones, polymerases, gene regulatory proteins into the nucleus and exporting RNAs and ribosomes to the cytosol. It is a tightly controlled process that regulates gene expression within a cell.
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Spindle Assembly02:50

Spindle Assembly

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Spindle assembly occurs through three, often coexisting, pathways – the centrosome-mediated pathway, the chromatin-mediated pathway, and the microtubule-mediated pathway – collectively contributing to form a robust spindle apparatus.
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M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis02:15

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Checkpoints throughout the cell cycle serve as safeguards and gatekeepers, allowing the cell cycle to progress in favorable conditions and slow or halt it in problematic ones. This regulation is known as the cell cycle control system.
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M cyclin...
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Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

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Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
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The Mitotic Spindle02:27

The Mitotic Spindle

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The mitotic spindle—or spindle apparatus—is a eukaryotic, cytoskeletal structure made up of long protein fibers called microtubules. Formed during cell division, the spindle separates sister chromatids and moves them to opposite ends of a parental cell, where the now individual chromosomes are distributed to two daughter cell nuclei.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Examination of Mitotic and Meiotic Fission Yeast Nuclear Dynamics by Fluorescence Live-cell Microscopy
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Golgin45 assists mitosis via its nuclear localization sequence.

Jingkai Gao1, Lianhui Zhu1, Xihua Yue1

  • 1School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|October 23, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Golgin45 recruits the kinase PLK1 to kinetochores during mitosis. This Golgin45-PLK1 interaction, regulated by RanGTP, is crucial for proper cell division and prevents mitotic arrest.

Keywords:
GRASP55GolgiGolgin45Importin β2KNL1KinetochoreMitosisPLK1

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Combining Mitotic Cell Synchronization and High Resolution Confocal Microscopy to Study the Role of Multifunctional Cell Cycle Proteins During Mitosis
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Combining Mitotic Cell Synchronization and High Resolution Confocal Microscopy to Study the Role of Multifunctional Cell Cycle Proteins During Mitosis

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The Golgi apparatus fragments during mitosis for cell division.
  • Golgi proteins regulate Golgi disassembly/reassembly and spindle formation.
  • The role of Golgi proteins in other mitotic events remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Golgin45, a Golgi tethering protein, in mitosis.
  • To elucidate the mechanism by which Golgin45 influences mitotic progression.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated Golgin45-PLK1 interaction during mitosis.
  • Utilized R375A mutation in Golgin45 to disrupt Golgin45-importin β2 interaction.
  • Analyzed PLK1 localization to kinetochores and mitotic progression.

Main Results:

  • Golgin45 recruits PLK1 to kinetochores via interaction with importin β2 and KNL1.
  • RanGTP at kinetochores regulates the release of Golgin45-PLK1 complex.
  • Disruption of Golgin45-importin β2 interaction leads to impaired PLK1 localization and mitotic arrest.

Conclusions:

  • Golgin45 plays a novel role in mediating Ran-dependent PLK1 enrichment on kinetochores.
  • This mechanism is essential for the proper progression of mitosis.
  • Golgin45 is a key regulator of mitotic events beyond Golgi dynamics.