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Related Concept Videos

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

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Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
104
Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview01:20

Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview

217
Inhalation anesthetics are drugs that induce general anesthesia upon inhalation. They work by increasing the sensitivity of GABAA receptors or inhibiting NMDA receptors, leading to a decrease in central nervous system activity. The depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted by changing the concentration of the inhaled gas. Some common examples of inhalational anesthetics include volatile liquids like isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane and gases like xenon and nitrous oxide. Isoflurane, a...
217
General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

196
Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
196
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Cannabinoids01:21

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Cannabinoids

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Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a phytocannabinoid that primarily interacts with the CB1 receptor, a type of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) predominantly in and around the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and emetic center. THC also blocks the serotonin receptor activity in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) by inhibiting serotonin release. THC exerts its anti-emetic effects through these interactions, which are beneficial for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Two synthetic agonists of THC,...
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Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

Stages of General Anesthesia

376
Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
376
Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications01:23

Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications

408
Local anesthetics (LAs) are commonly used for various applications in medical and dental procedures. Some of the common agents used are cocaine, lidocaine, and bupivacaine.
Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and methylecgogine. It is used to anesthetize and vasoconstrict locally. Currently, it is used primarily for topical applications. It is beneficial for surgeries on the upper respiratory tract, providing anesthesia and shrinking the mucosa. Cocaine in the form of cocaine hydrochloride is...
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An In Vivo Mouse Model of Total Intravenous Anesthesia During Cancer Resection Surgery
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Cannabis Use and Anesthesia.

Alden Dahan1, W Michael Hooten2, Timothy Furnish1

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, 9400 Campus Point Drive, San Diego, CA 92037, USA.

Advances in Anesthesia
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Evidence for using cannabinoids to manage acute pain is limited. While some studies suggest reduced opioid use, pain scores are unaffected, and most trials show no benefit for acute pain management.

Keywords:
CannabinoidCannabisCannabis use disorderPostoperative pain

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Area of Science:

  • Pain Management
  • Pharmacology
  • Cannabinoid Research

Background:

  • Cannabinoids are increasingly explored for pain relief.
  • Current evidence on their efficacy for acute pain is inconsistent.
  • Opioid use and associated risks remain a significant clinical concern.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the current evidence on cannabinoid efficacy for acute pain management.
  • To assess the impact of cannabinoids on opioid consumption.
  • To identify potential risks associated with chronic cannabinoid use in surgical patients.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of randomized controlled trials and observational studies.
  • Analysis of studies investigating various cannabinoid compounds.
  • Examination of data on pain scores, opioid use, and adverse events.

Main Results:

  • The majority of randomized trials show no significant benefit of cannabinoids for acute pain.
  • Observational studies indicate potential for reduced opioid use, but pain scores are not improved.
  • Chronic, high-dose cannabis users may experience increased acute pain and cardiovascular risks.

Conclusions:

  • There is a lack of consistent evidence supporting cannabinoids for acute pain.
  • Cannabinoid use does not appear to improve acute pain scores.
  • Chronic cannabis use may be associated with increased pain and perioperative cardiovascular risks.