Related Experiment Video For Alternating current electric field mixing
Updated: Jun 9, 2025
Automated Multiplex Immunofluorescence Panel for Immuno-oncology Studies on Formalin-fixed Carcinoma Tissue Specimens
Published on: January 21, 2019
Intraoperative rapid immunohistochemistry of microsatellite instability using non-contact alternating current
Kazuhiro Imai1, Naoki Yanagawa2, Hajime Saito3
1Department of Thoracic Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan. i-karo@mui.biglobe.ne.jp.
Objectives:
Tumors caused by failure of the DNA-mismatch repair system generally show microsatellite instability (MSI). High-frequency MSI cancers have been shown to be susceptible to immuno-oncology therapies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical reliability of a rapid immunohistochemistry (IHC) technique for intraoperatively assessing molecular status through detection of tumoral deficiencies in the expression of mismatch repair proteins (dMMR; MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2).
Methods:
The rapid IHC method uses non-contact alternating current (AC) mixing to achieve more rapid/stable staining within a minimum of 13 min during surgery. Sixteen formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor samples from 3 dMMR patients with Lynch syndrome and 6 FFPE samples from 6 dMMR-cancer patients were collected to establish an IHC protocol for MMR proteins. Next, 26 surgical patients treated and whose MSI status was determined using PCR-based tests were retrospectively analyzed. The concordance of dMMR diagnoses for thoracic tumors between the conventional (frozen section (FS)- and FFPE-IHCs) and rapid AC-mixing IHC with FSs were compared.
Results:
A rapid IHC protocol using primary antibodies against four MMR proteins (mixed 5-10 min) was established (entire process within 40 min). The concordance rate for MMR-IHC between the conventional and rapid IHC was 100%. dMMR diagnoses including an MSI-high pulmonary sarcoma patient entirely matched between FS- and FFPE-IHC.
Conclusion:
Rapid MMR-IHC could potentially serve as a clinical tool for intraoperative determination of tumor MSI/dMMR status. AC-mixing technology will contribute to improving pathological diagnostic capability through the development of an original and innovative rapid IHC.
