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Related Concept Videos

Applications of GIS: Disaster Management and Emergency Response01:29

Applications of GIS: Disaster Management and Emergency Response

59
Geographic Information System (GIS) technology is essential for risk identification, action prioritization, and resource optimization in critical situations like flooding and earthquakes. By integrating spatial and demographic data, GIS provides a comprehensive framework for emergency response.GIS integrates data layers, like rainfall intensity, topography, elevation profiles, and river levels, to model high-risk flood zones. These layers assess areas susceptible to flooding based on their...
59
Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment01:17

Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment

40
Flood risk assessment involves careful planning and analysis to ensure the safety of communities near water retention structures. Capacity contours are a vital tool in this process, as they illustrate the potential spread of water at specific levels in a given area. In the context of building a bund across a small valley, these contours play a critical role in evaluating the safety of nearby residential areas.In this example, the bund is intended to store stormwater in the valley. The engineers...
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Design Example: Creating a Hydraulic Model of a Dam Spillway01:21

Design Example: Creating a Hydraulic Model of a Dam Spillway

127
Scaled hydraulic models of dam spillways provide a practical way to replicate and study the intricate flow dynamics of these structures. Often built to a 1:15 ratio, these models allow for observing critical water behavior, such as velocity distribution, flow patterns, and energy dissipation.
127
Modeling and Similitude01:12

Modeling and Similitude

246
Scaled modeling is a fundamental technique in engineering, enabling the study of large and complex systems by creating smaller, manageable replicas that recreate critical characteristics of the original. In hydrology and civil infrastructure, for example, scaled models of dams help analyze water flow, turbulence, and pressure. This method allows for accurate predictions of real-world behavior within a controlled environment, significantly reducing the cost and time involved in full-scale...
246
Manipulation and Analysis01:21

Manipulation and Analysis

21
GIS manipulation and analysis functions are vital for decision-making and planning. These activities range from data retrieval tasks, such as selecting information based on specific criteria, to advanced analytical techniques that address complex spatial problems.One critical GIS analysis method is overlaying, which combines multiple data layers to examine impacts. For example, overlaying a river-dammed lake boundary with road networks can identify affected infrastructure. Another common...
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Levels of Use of a GIS01:29

Levels of Use of a GIS

45
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) operate across three levels of application, each representing an increasing degree of complexity: data management, analysis, and prediction. These levels reflect the expanding functionality and versatility of GIS technology in handling spatial data for diverse purposes.Data ManagementAt its foundational level, GIS serves as a tool for data management, enabling the input, storage, retrieval, and organization of spatial data. This level is often employed in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Integrating Remote Sensing with Species Distribution Models; Mapping Tamarisk Invasions Using the Software for Assisted Habitat Modeling SAHM
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Floods modeling and analysis for Dubai using HEC-HMS model and remote sensing using GIS.

Ihsanullah R Khan1, Samy I Elmahdy2, Rabee Rustum1

  • 1Institute for Infrastructure and Environment, School of Energy, Geosciences, Infrastructure, and Society, Heriot-Watt University, P.O. Box 38103, Knowledge Park, Dubai, UAE.

Scientific Reports
|October 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Developed cities face hazardous floods. An integrated approach using remote sensing, GIS, and precipitation data helps secure infrastructure by estimating runoff and identifying flood-prone areas with high impervious surfaces.

Keywords:
Curve number (CN)DEMDubaiFloods, UAEGISHEC-HMS modelRemote sensing

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Hydrology
  • Urban Planning

Background:

  • Urban floods pose significant risks to infrastructure in developed cities.
  • An integrated approach combining remote sensing, Geographic Information System (GIS), and precipitation data is crucial for infrastructure protection.
  • Understanding the relationship between urban runoff and impervious surfaces is key to flood mitigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an integrated model for estimating event-based runoff in urban areas.
  • To investigate the correlation between impervious surfaces and flood occurrence probability.
  • To assess the efficiency of a novel approach combining HEC-GeoRAS and satellite imagery for urban flood modeling.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Hydrologic Engineering Center's River Analysis System (HEC-GeoRAS) integrated with satellite imagery.
  • Employed Hydrologic Engineering Center-Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS) incorporating precipitation, slope, soil type, and land use/land cover data.
  • Calibrated and validated the model using historical runoff events, comparing observed and simulated streamflow and peak discharge.

Main Results:

  • Identified Deira, Nief, and Jumeirah subbasins as having the largest impervious areas, indicating a higher flood occurrence probability.
  • The integrated model demonstrated efficiency in estimating event-based runoff.
  • The model's predictions were validated against previous studies, showing good agreement.

Conclusions:

  • The developed integrated model is effective for assessing urban flood risks, particularly in regions with significant impervious surfaces.
  • The approach provides a valuable tool for urban infrastructure protection and flood management strategies.
  • This methodology can be replicated in similar urban environments facing flood hazards.