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Related Concept Videos

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Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
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Cancer Prevention02:59

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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Cancer Therapies02:49

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
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5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
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Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a phytocannabinoid that primarily interacts with the CB1 receptor, a type of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) predominantly in and around the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and emetic center. THC also blocks the serotonin receptor activity in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) by inhibiting serotonin release. THC exerts its anti-emetic effects through these interactions, which are beneficial for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
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Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
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The Treadmill Fatigue Test: A Simple, High-throughput Assay of Fatigue-like Behavior for the Mouse
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Exercise During Chemotherapy for Cancer: A Systematic Review.

R C Walker1,2, P Pezeshki1,3, S Barman1,4

  • 1Guy's & St Thomas' Oesophago-gastric Centre, London, UK.

Journal of Surgical Oncology
|October 24, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Exercise prehabilitation enhances chemotherapy tolerance and effectiveness. This intervention improves body composition, fitness, strength, and quality of life (QoL) in cancer patients, offering a safe and effective supportive care strategy.

Keywords:
chemotherapyexercise prehabilitationneoadjuvant therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Exercise Science
  • Cancer Rehabilitation

Background:

  • Anticancer treatments like chemotherapy can be challenging for patients.
  • Exercise prehabilitation is proposed to mitigate treatment side effects and improve outcomes.
  • Understanding the specific benefits of exercise during cancer therapy is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the impact of exercise on chemotherapy outcomes.
  • To identify research gaps and priorities in exercise oncology.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of 19 studies (1418 patients) was conducted.
  • Included studies comprised 11 randomized controlled trials and 8 observational studies.
  • Data on body composition, fitness, strength, and quality of life were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Exercise interventions demonstrated significant improvements in body composition, fitness, and strength.
  • Quality of life (QoL) was positively affected by exercise during chemotherapy.
  • Exercise was found to be a safe and effective supportive care strategy.

Conclusions:

  • Exercise prehabilitation is a viable and beneficial intervention for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
  • Further research with larger, well-designed studies is needed to optimize exercise protocols.
  • Standardization of exercise interventions is recommended for future research.