Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation01:28

Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation

268
Nuclear relaxation restores the equilibrium population imbalance and can occur via spin–lattice or spin–spin mechanisms, which are first-order exponential decay processes.
In spin–lattice or longitudinal relaxation, the excited spins exchange energy with the surrounding lattice as they return to the lower energy level. Among several mechanisms that contribute to spin–lattice relaxation, magnetic dipolar interactions are significant. Here, the excited nucleus transfers...
268
Mitochondria01:37

Mitochondria

11.3K
Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
11.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Role of Perfusion Parameters on Outcomes and Safety of Endovascular Therapy in Posterior Cerebral Artery Stroke.

Stroke·2026
Same author

MAD-MT Score: A Tool to Optimize Patient Selection for Mechanical Thrombectomy in Distal Vessel Occlusions.

Stroke·2026
Same author

Multiparametric MRI Model Predicts Parenchymal Hematoma in Acute Ischemic Stroke After Reperfusion.

AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology·2026
Same author

Dysfunctional large-scale networks linking PTSD and cognitive impairment.

Journal of psychiatric research·2026
Same author

Machine Learning for Distal Medium-Vessel Occlusion Detection: Advances, Challenges, and Future Directions.

Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging·2026
Same author

Methylmalonic acid: a new target for Hadamard-edited MRS.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Measurement of Tumor T2* Relaxation Times after Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Administration
05:30

Measurement of Tumor T2* Relaxation Times after Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Administration

Published on: May 19, 2023

1.2K

Metabolite T2 relaxation times decrease across the adult lifespan in a large multi-site cohort.

Kathleen E Hupfeld1,2, Saipavitra Murali-Manohar1,2, Helge J Zöllner1,2

  • 1Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|October 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aging significantly alters metabolite T2 values, impacting in vivo MRS quantification. Future research should use age-specific T2 estimates for improved accuracy.

Keywords:
T2 relaxation timesTE serieshealthy agingmagnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)metabolites

More Related Videos

A Dual Tracer PET-MRI Protocol for the Quantitative Measure of Regional Brain Energy Substrates Uptake in the Rat
15:10

A Dual Tracer PET-MRI Protocol for the Quantitative Measure of Regional Brain Energy Substrates Uptake in the Rat

Published on: December 28, 2013

7.0K
Non-invasive Skeletal Muscle Quantification in Small Animals Using Micro-computed Tomography
07:33

Non-invasive Skeletal Muscle Quantification in Small Animals Using Micro-computed Tomography

Published on: November 8, 2024

352

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Measurement of Tumor T2* Relaxation Times after Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Administration
05:30

Measurement of Tumor T2* Relaxation Times after Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Administration

Published on: May 19, 2023

1.2K
A Dual Tracer PET-MRI Protocol for the Quantitative Measure of Regional Brain Energy Substrates Uptake in the Rat
15:10

A Dual Tracer PET-MRI Protocol for the Quantitative Measure of Regional Brain Energy Substrates Uptake in the Rat

Published on: December 28, 2013

7.0K
Non-invasive Skeletal Muscle Quantification in Small Animals Using Micro-computed Tomography
07:33

Non-invasive Skeletal Muscle Quantification in Small Animals Using Micro-computed Tomography

Published on: November 8, 2024

352

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Biophysics
  • Metabolomics

Background:

  • Accurate in vivo Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) quantification relies on precise relaxation correction.
  • Current MRS protocols often assume constant metabolite T2 values throughout life, neglecting age-related changes.
  • Previous studies indicate T2 variations with aging for key metabolites, necessitating a comprehensive investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between metabolite T2 values and participant age in a large, multi-site cohort.
  • To determine if age-related T2 changes impact metabolite quantification in different brain regions.
  • To provide age-specific T2 estimation equations for improved MRS accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 101 participants across five age decades (18-60+ years).
  • Acquired PRESS MRS data at eight echo times (TEs) from centrum semiovale (CSO) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC).
  • Quantified metabolite amplitudes using Osprey and estimated T2 by fitting exponential decay curves.

Main Results:

  • Older age correlated with shorter T2 for tNAA, tCr, tCho, tissue water, mI, and Glx (p < 0.05, FDR-corrected).
  • These associations persisted even after controlling for cortical atrophy.
  • Regional differences in T2 values were observed, with longer T2 in CSO for some metabolites and in PCC for others.

Conclusions:

  • Metabolite T2 values significantly change with aging, impacting MRS quantification accuracy.
  • Age-specific T2 estimation is crucial for reliable metabolite concentration measurements.
  • The study provides equations for age-specific T2 values to enhance future 3T MRS research.