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Engineering Protein-Nanoparticle Hybrids as Targeted Contrast Agents.

Gabriela Guedes1,2, Kepa B Uribe1,2, Lydia Martínez-Parra1

  • 1Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de San Sebastian Paseo Miramón 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|October 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed protein-stabilized iron oxide nanoparticles (Prot-IONPs) for targeted MRI. These Prot-IONPs successfully visualized atherosclerotic plaques in mice, offering a new platform for advanced molecular imaging.

Keywords:
atherosclerosisengineered proteinsiron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs)nanomedicineprotein−nanoparticle hybridstargeted MRI contrast agents

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Molecular Imaging

Background:

  • Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) show promise as MRI contrast agents.
  • Current IONPs primarily act as negative contrast agents, limiting applications.
  • There is a need for targeted molecular contrast agents for precise diagnostics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer protein-stabilized iron oxide nanoparticles (Prot-IONPs) with tunable magnetic properties.
  • To functionalize Prot-IONPs with targeting moieties for specific biomarker recognition.
  • To demonstrate the potential of Prot-IONPs as targeted positive contrast agents for MRI.

Main Methods:

  • Proteins were used to stabilize IONPs, creating Prot-IONPs with controlled magnetic characteristics.
  • Alendronate (Ald) was employed to functionalize Prot-IONPs for targeting atherosclerotic plaques.
  • In vivo MRI was performed on an ApoE-/- mouse model to evaluate Prot-IONPs-Ald efficacy.

Main Results:

  • Protein functionalization successfully stabilized Prot-IONPs while preserving their magnetic relaxation properties.
  • Prot-IONPs-Ald demonstrated effective targeting of atherosclerotic plaques in the aorta.
  • Positive contrast imaging of atherosclerotic plaques was achieved in vivo using Prot-IONPs-Ald.

Conclusions:

  • Engineered protein-nanoparticle hybrids offer a versatile platform for developing targeted in vivo MRI contrast agents.
  • Prot-IONPs can be functionalized for specific molecular targeting, overcoming limitations of conventional IONPs.
  • This approach holds potential for advancing diagnostic accuracy in diseases like atherosclerosis.