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A predictive walking energy model based on gait phase with suspended backpack.

Tao Zhen1, Qiuxia Chen2

  • 1National Defense Science and Technology Innovation Institute, PLA Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China.

Heliyon
|October 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A novel suspended backpack design improves walking energy efficiency by reducing muscle fatigue. This system estimates metabolic cost using gait phase analysis, benefiting military and daily load-carrying activities.

Keywords:
BackpackGait phaseWalking energy

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Human movement analysis
  • Ergonomics

Background:

  • Heavy load carriage causes muscle fatigue, impacting endurance and health.
  • Suspended backpacks offer potential for improved walking energy efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design a lightweight suspended backpack.
  • To develop a metabolic cost estimation model based on gait phase.
  • To analyze the biomechanical effects of suspended vs. ordinary backpacks.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized four inertial measurement units (IMUs) and six flexible pressure sensors.
  • Defined gait into four phases for muscle tension analysis using muscle moment balance theory.
  • Calculated an Energy Cost Constraint Factor (ECCF) index incorporating gait phase and backpack data.
  • Conducted experiments with seven subjects carrying 16.5 kg at various speeds, comparing suspended (SB) and ordinary (OB) backpack conditions.

Main Results:

  • Suspended backpacks reduced plantar and shoulder pressure.
  • At 5.0 km/h, ground reaction force (GRF) decreased by 11.59% and shoulder reaction force (SRF) by 13.22% with SB compared to OB.
  • The ECCF index provided accurate metabolic cost estimations.

Conclusions:

  • The designed suspended backpack effectively reduces biomechanical stress during load carriage.
  • The gait phase-based metabolic cost model offers accurate predictions.
  • Suspended backpacks enhance walking efficiency and potentially mitigate fatigue.