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Comparing three methods to assess learning outcomes for a suicide prevention training program for pharmacy staff.

Grace Marley1,2, Jill E Lavigne3, Wendi Cross4

  • 1Division of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

PEC Innovation
|October 24, 2024
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Summary

Pharmacists trained in suicide prevention (Pharm-SAVES) asked about suicide similarly across case types. However, referrals to the Suicide and Crisis Lifeline (988) were less frequent following prerecorded simulated patient encounters.

Keywords:
Patient counselingPharmacistSimulated patientSimulationStandardized patientSuicideSuicide prevention

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacy education
  • Mental health interventions
  • Suicide prevention

Background:

  • Gatekeeper training is crucial for identifying individuals at risk of suicide.
  • Pharmacists and pharmacy staff are well-positioned to provide suicide prevention support.
  • The Pharm-SAVES program aims to equip pharmacy personnel with suicide prevention skills.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of the Pharm-SAVES suicide prevention gatekeeper training.
  • To compare pharmacist and pharmacy staff responses to different patient case formats (written, live simulated patient, prerecorded simulated patient).
  • To assess the impact of training on asking about suicide and referring patients to the Suicide and Crisis Lifeline (988).

Main Methods:

  • Participants (n=12) completed the 30-minute Pharm-SAVES training.
  • Following training, participants engaged with a written patient case via survey.
  • One month later, participants interacted with live and prerecorded simulated patient (SP) cases via Zoom, with actions documented.

Main Results:

  • Asking about suicide occurred in 67-75% of cases across all formats (written, prerecorded SP, live SP).
  • Referrals to the Suicide and Crisis Lifeline (988) were highest in live SP encounters (83%) and lowest in prerecorded SP encounters (42%).
  • While asking about suicide was consistent, referral rates varied significantly by assessment type.

Conclusions:

  • The Pharm-SAVES training appears effective in prompting discussions about suicide across different assessment modalities.
  • Prerecorded simulated patient encounters may be less effective in promoting patient referrals to suicide prevention resources compared to live interactions.
  • This study highlights the importance of considering assessment format when evaluating suicide prevention training outcomes in pharmacy settings.