Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Subjective cognitive complaints and decline among aging individuals with prior repetitive head impact exposure.

Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)·2026
Same author

CTE has multiple pathologic variants that might relate to different clinical symptom presentation.

Acta neuropathologica·2026
Same author

Validity of the NINDS traumatic encephalopathy syndrome criteria for predicting chronic traumatic encephalopathy.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Associations Between Cumulative Head Trauma and Self-Reported Parkinsonism and Parkinson's Disease in Former Soccer Players.

Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society·2026
Same author

Neocortical tau burden determines the degree of cognitive impairment in individuals with Braak stage V neurofibrillary degeneration.

Acta neuropathologica·2026
Same author

Imaging the later-life white matter pathologies of repetitive head impacts: A novel pattern revealed through T2 FLAIR MRI.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Combining Multiplex Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization with Fluorescent Immunohistochemistry on Fresh Frozen or Fixed Mouse Brain Sections
07:36

Combining Multiplex Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization with Fluorescent Immunohistochemistry on Fresh Frozen or Fixed Mouse Brain Sections

Published on: June 25, 2021

6.8K

SHARD: an improved method for staining and visualizing multiplex immunofluorescence in optically cleared postmortem

Grace A Rosen1,2,3, Daniel Kirsch4, Raymond Nicks5

  • 1VA Boston Healthcare System, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Boston, MA, United States.

Frontiers in Neuroscience
|October 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed SHARD, a new method for clearing and labeling long-term preserved human brain tissue. This technique enhances 3D imaging for neurodegenerative disease research, even with formaldehyde fixation.

Keywords:
3D confocal imaging3D confocal laser scanning microscopyantigen retrievalhuman brain bankingimmunofluorescenceoptical clearingvolumetric imaging

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Advancing 3D Cytoarchitecture Analysis - Rapid Volumetric Reconstruction of the Human Brain
06:52

Author Spotlight: Advancing 3D Cytoarchitecture Analysis - Rapid Volumetric Reconstruction of the Human Brain

Published on: January 26, 2024

1.9K
A Rapid Method for Multispectral Fluorescence Imaging of Frozen Tissue Sections
07:50

A Rapid Method for Multispectral Fluorescence Imaging of Frozen Tissue Sections

Published on: March 30, 2020

7.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Combining Multiplex Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization with Fluorescent Immunohistochemistry on Fresh Frozen or Fixed Mouse Brain Sections
07:36

Combining Multiplex Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization with Fluorescent Immunohistochemistry on Fresh Frozen or Fixed Mouse Brain Sections

Published on: June 25, 2021

6.8K
Author Spotlight: Advancing 3D Cytoarchitecture Analysis - Rapid Volumetric Reconstruction of the Human Brain
06:52

Author Spotlight: Advancing 3D Cytoarchitecture Analysis - Rapid Volumetric Reconstruction of the Human Brain

Published on: January 26, 2024

1.9K
A Rapid Method for Multispectral Fluorescence Imaging of Frozen Tissue Sections
07:50

A Rapid Method for Multispectral Fluorescence Imaging of Frozen Tissue Sections

Published on: March 30, 2020

7.7K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biotechnology
  • Histology

Background:

  • Postmortem human brain tissue is crucial for neurodegenerative disease research.
  • Existing tissue-clearing methods face challenges with formaldehyde-fixed, long-term banked human brain tissue due to lipids and fixation artifacts.
  • High-resolution 3D imaging is essential for studying subcellular morphology and spatial changes in neurodegeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a widely applicable method for clearing and labeling long-term banked human brain tissue.
  • To overcome limitations of formaldehyde fixation and lipid abundance in human brain tissue for 3D imaging.
  • To enhance 3D immunostaining of postmortem human brain tissue for neurodegenerative disease research.

Main Methods:

  • Developed SHARD (SHIELD, antigen retrieval, and delipidation) method.
  • Applied SHARD to 200-μm sections of long-term formaldehyde-fixed human brain tissue.
  • Evaluated SHARD's effectiveness for postmortem intervals (PMIs) from 10 to 72 hours in various neurodegenerative diseases and controls.

Main Results:

  • SHARD is a simple and widely applicable method for clearing and labeling human brain tissue.
  • The method is effective across a range of postmortem intervals (10-72 hours).
  • SHARD significantly enhanced the immunostaining of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP).

Conclusions:

  • SHARD enables detailed 3D immunostaining in long-term formaldehyde-fixed postmortem human brain tissue.
  • This method overcomes previous limitations, opening new avenues for neurodegenerative disease research.
  • The combination of antigen retrieval and delipidation is highly effective for challenging human brain samples.