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Updated: Jun 9, 2025

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Functionalized Nanodiamonds for Targeted Neuronal Electromagnetic Signal Detection.

Beatriz N L Costa1,2, Filipe Camarneiro1, Ana Marote3,4

  • 1INL - International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|October 24, 2024
PubMed
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This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed functionalized nanodiamonds with nitrogen-vacancy centers for neuronal sensing. These biocompatible sensors precisely target neuronal cells, enabling the study of action potentials and synaptic activity in neurodegenerative disease models.

Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Neuroscience
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Intracellular sensing requires high spatial resolution, sensitivity, biocompatibility, and stability.
  • Existing sensing methods have limitations in meeting all these criteria simultaneously.
  • Nanodiamonds (NDs) with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers offer promising sensing capabilities under biological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To functionalize NDs with NV centers for neuronal sensing applications.
  • To investigate the biocompatibility and effects of functionalized NDs (f-NDs) on neuronal cell lines.
  • To establish a sensor network for characterizing neuronal signaling in health and disease models.

Main Methods:

  • Functionalization of fluorescent NDs (FNDs) with antibodies targeting voltage-dependent calcium channels (Cav2.2).
Keywords:
action potentialaxonal degenerationcalcium imagingco-localizationfunctionalizationnanodiamondsneuronal activityneuronsoptically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR)quantum sensor

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  • Attachment of FNDs to neuronal cell surfaces (SH-SY5Y, dopaminergic neurons, hippocampal neurons).
  • Characterization using confocal imaging, co-localization, zeta potential measurements, and preliminary TIRF-ODMR experiments.

    • Main Results:

    • Successful functionalization of FNDs confirmed by increased size and zeta potential, without compromising cell viability.
    • Demonstrated precise positioning of f-NDs onto neuronal cell surfaces and neurites.
    • Preliminary magnetic field sensitivity established, showing potential for sensing neuronal activity.

    Conclusions:

    • Functionalized NDs with NV centers are biocompatible and suitable for neuronal sensing.
    • This sensor network provides a platform for studying neuronal signaling in neurodegenerative disease contexts.
    • The technology enables enhanced characterization of neuronal activity with high spatial resolution and sensitivity.