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Firearm Experiences, Behaviors, and Norms Among Rural Adolescents.

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Rural adolescents understand firearm norms, often carrying guns for prosocial reasons like hunting. Prevention efforts should be tailored to rural contexts, considering social norms and adolescent behaviors.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Adolescent Health
  • Rural Health

Background:

  • Existing firearm injury prevention research primarily focuses on urban settings, neglecting the unique contexts of rural adolescents.
  • Few studies have explored the social ecological factors influencing firearm use among rural youth or directly solicited their perspectives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the firearm behaviors of rural adolescents.
  • To understand rural adolescents' perceptions of firearm-related social norms within their families, peer groups, and communities.

Main Methods:

  • A convergent mixed-methods design incorporating community-based participatory research was employed.
  • 93 adolescents (aged 12-19) from rural Washington 4-H programs completed surveys and participated in focus groups/interviews.
  • Data were analyzed using descriptive and thematic analysis.

Main Results:

  • Over half of participants (55.9%) had carried a handgun, with a mean age of first carry at 10.9 years.
  • Key themes revealed that rural adolescents understood acceptable firearm carrying behaviors, aligning with state laws.
  • Carrying firearms was predominantly for prosocial reasons (hunting, recreation, sport), contrasting with adult motivations (protection).

Conclusions:

  • Rural adolescents' understanding of firearm norms is generally consistent with legal guidelines.
  • Firearm carrying among rural youth is often linked to prosocial activities.
  • Tailoring firearm injury prevention strategies to rural settings, focusing on norms and education, is crucial.