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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2025

An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field
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Sport-Related Injury and Performance Enhancing Substance Use by Young Athletes.

Michael McNaughton1,2, Danielle Hunt3,4, Becky Parmeter3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.

Sports Health
|October 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Legal performance enhancing substance (PES) use is not linked to injuries in young athletes. Male sex, older age, depression history, weight training, and beliefs about weight influence PES use.

Keywords:
concussionpediatricsperformance enhancing substancessport-related injuryyoung athlete

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Adolescent Health
  • Performance Enhancing Substances

Background:

  • Legal performance enhancing substance (PES) use is rising among young athletes.
  • This trend may escalate to the use of banned substances.
  • Understanding factors influencing PES use is crucial for athlete well-being.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between season-ending injuries (SEI) or concussions and legal PES use or consideration of banned PES use in young athletes.
  • To identify risk factors for PES use in this demographic.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted from 2013 to 2020.
  • Data were collected from athletes aged 6 to 25 years.
  • Statistical analysis, including adjusted odds ratios, was used to examine associations.

Main Results:

  • No significant association was found between SEI/concussions and legal PES use or consideration of banned PES use.
  • 14% of athletes reported legal PES use, and 3% considered banned PES use.
  • Factors associated with increased odds of legal PES use included male sex, history of depression, weight training, and belief in weight's influence on athletic ability. Older age and male sex were associated with consideration of banned PES use.

Conclusions:

  • Sports-related injuries or concussions were not associated with increased odds of PES use in young athletes.
  • Identified risk factors for PES use include male sex, older age, depression history, weight training, and specific beliefs about athletic performance.
  • Findings can inform clinical care, education, and policy regarding PES use in young athletes.