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Roles of oral and gut microbiota in acute myocardial infarction

Yu-Lin Li1, Bo-Yan Chen2, Ze-Hao Feng3

  • 1Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China; Department of General Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.

Journal of Advanced Research
|October 24, 2024
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

The oral and gut microbiota are linked to acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Specific Streptococcus species can transfer from the mouth to the gut, worsening AMI in mice, suggesting a new therapeutic approach.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiome research
  • Cardiovascular disease research
  • Microbial pathogenesis

Background:

  • The role of oral and gut microbiota in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is gaining recognition.
  • However, the specific correlations between microbiota and AMI clinical parameters, and the key microbial players, are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the composition and structure of oral and gut microbiota in patients with AMI.
  • To explore the functional roles of specific bacterial species in AMI progression.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 37 AMI patients and 36 controls.
  • Sequencing of oral and gut samples, combined with correlation analysis of clinical parameters.
  • Mouse models were used to confirm gut colonization by oral bacteria and their impact on myocardial infarction.

Main Results:

  • Significant alterations in oral and gut microbiota were observed in the AMI group compared to controls.
  • Numerous bacterial genera from saliva, subgingival plaque, and feces showed substantial differences or correlations with AMI clinical parameters.
  • Orally administered Streptococcus species (S. oralis, S. parasanguinis, S. salivarius) colonized the gut and exacerbated myocardial infarction in mice.

Conclusions:

  • A strong correlation exists between oral/gut microbiota and AMI.
  • Streptococcus species can migrate from the oral cavity to the gut, potentially worsening myocardial infarction.
  • Monitoring and managing specific oral bacteria may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for AMI.
Keywords:
Acute myocardial infarctionGut microbiotaOral microbiotaOral-gut transmissionStreptococcus

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