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Depression and Anxiety in Voluntarily Unemployed People: A Systematic Review
Ivan Borrelli1, Paolo Emilio Santoro2, Giuseppe Melcore3
1Department of Health Science and Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
La Medicina Del Lavoro
|October 25, 2024
Summary
Mental health outcomes for voluntarily unemployed adults are mixed, with some studies showing better results than the general unemployed population. More research is needed to understand these effects and develop reintegration strategies.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Occupational Health
- Public Health
Background:
- Unemployment significantly impacts physical and psychological well-being, with gender and age influencing mental health outcomes.
- While the link between unemployment and negative mental health is well-researched, studies on voluntarily unemployed individuals are limited.
- This systematic review focuses on the mental health status of adults who are voluntarily unemployed.
Approach:
- Systematic review adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
- Searched three major databases for English-language research articles.
- Included studies examining the relationship between mental health outcomes and employment status, assessing quality via the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
Key Points:
- Four studies were included, yielding varied results on the mental health of the voluntarily unemployed.
- Some studies indicate lower depression rates compared to both employed and unemployed individuals.
- Other findings suggest higher depression but lower anxiety, or increased depression and anxiety, particularly in men, compared to employed counterparts.
Conclusions:
- Mental health outcomes among voluntarily unemployed adults present a complex picture with conflicting findings.
- Further investigation into the specific mental health profiles of this population is warranted.
- Developing targeted strategies to facilitate the return of voluntarily unemployed individuals to the workforce is recommended.
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