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Investigation of the Effect of High Shear Stress on Mesenchymal Stem Cells Using a Rotational Rheometer in a
Mario Mand1, Olga Hahn2, Juliane Meyer3
1Chair of Microfluidics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 25, 2024
Summary
Mechanical shear stress impacts mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) during isolation. High shear stress up to 18.38 Pa for 5 minutes did not affect MSC viability, but intense stress or longer exposure damaged cells.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Cell Biology
- Tissue Engineering
Background:
- Cells in the body experience mechanical stress, influencing growth and differentiation.
- Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are crucial for tissue regeneration and therapeutic applications.
- Isolation procedures like liposuction can expose MSCs to high mechanical shear stress.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of varying shear stress levels on human adipose-derived MSCs.
- To establish a method for applying controlled high shear rates to cells in suspension.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a rotational rheometer with a small-angle cone-plate configuration.
- Exposed human adipose-derived MSCs in suspension to different shear stress levels.
- Assessed cell viability and damage after shear stress exposure.
Main Results:
- Cell viability remained unaffected up to 18.38 Pa for a 5-minute exposure.
- Intense shear stress led to cell damage.
- Increased treatment duration correlated with a higher percentage of cell debris.
Conclusions:
- Controlled shear stress within a certain range is tolerable for MSCs.
- High shear stress and prolonged exposure can compromise MSC integrity.
- Understanding shear stress effects is vital for optimizing MSC isolation and therapeutic use.
