A Systematic Review of Stem Cell Applications in Maxillofacial Regeneration

Area of Science:

• Regenerative Medicine
• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Stem Cell Therapy

Background:

• Regenerative medicine utilizes stem cells, especially mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), for tissue and bone regeneration in oral and maxillofacial surgeries.
• While in-vitro studies are promising, human clinical trials remain limited.
• A systematic review is crucial to assess MSC efficacy in maxillofacial applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review the efficacy and safety of stem cell therapy in oral and maxillofacial surgery.
• To evaluate the potential of stem cells for tissue and bone regeneration in maxillofacial defects.
• To identify current trends and outcomes in stem cell applications for improving surgical results.

Main Methods:

• A systematic review adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
• Searched major databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, etc.) for peer-reviewed articles published between 2013 and 2023.
• Included studies focused on stem cells in oral surgery, with rigorous screening and data extraction by two independent reviewers.

Main Results:

• Seven studies met the inclusion criteria after screening 3540 initial articles.
• Mesenchymal stem cells were predominantly used.
• Findings indicated positive clinical safety and effectiveness, with significant potential for bone regeneration and improved bone quality.

Conclusions:

• Stem cell therapy, particularly using MSCs, demonstrates considerable potential in maxillofacial applications.
• The therapy is supported by evidence of safety, efficacy, and bone regeneration capabilities.
• Further research is recommended to standardize protocols and validate long-term benefits.