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Related Concept Videos

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Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...
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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Stem Cells: Present Understanding and Prospects for Regenerative Dentistry.

Angelo Michele Inchingolo1, Alessio Danilo Inchingolo1, Paola Nardelli1

  • 1Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.

Journal of Functional Biomaterials
|October 25, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Regenerative medicine uses stem cells and tissue engineering to repair oral tissues. Dental stem cells, biomaterials, and bioengineering strategies show promise for enhanced dental, periodontal, and bone regeneration.

Keywords:
oral tissue regenerationregenerative dentistrystem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative medicine
  • Biomaterials science
  • Tissue engineering
  • Stem cell biology

Background:

  • Oral tissue damage presents significant therapeutic challenges.
  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from dental sources possess regenerative potential.
  • Tissue engineering (TE) offers innovative solutions for oral tissue repair.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review strategies for enhancing dental, periodontal, and bone regeneration.
  • To evaluate the role of stem cells, biomaterials, and bioengineering in oral tissue repair.
  • To identify key advancements and future directions in dental regenerative medicine.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
  • Evaluation of fifteen studies on regenerative approaches in dentistry.
  • Analysis of strategies including scaffolds, secretomes, and bioengineering techniques.

Main Results:

  • Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) improve cell viability and reduce inflammation.
  • Scaffolds, secretomes, and bioengineering methods effectively promote tissue regeneration.
  • Pharmacological agents (e.g., matrine) and biomaterial surface modifications enhance stem cell function and osteogenic differentiation.

Conclusions:

  • Regenerative medicine and TE, utilizing dental stem cells and advanced biomaterials, offer optimized dental therapies.
  • Integration of stem cells, biomaterials, and bioengineering techniques significantly enhances patient outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to address challenges and fully realize the potential of dental regenerative medicine.