Potentially Pathogenic Free-Living Amoebae Isolated from Soil Samples from Warsaw Parks and Squares

Area of Science:

• Environmental microbiology
• Parasitology
• Molecular biology

Background:

• Free-living amoebae (FLA) are ubiquitous microorganisms with varying pathogenic potentials.
• FLA infections pose significant health risks, ranging from fatal encephalitis to keratitis and cutaneous infections.
• Standardized guidelines for detecting FLA in human-populated environments are lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the presence and diversity of FLA in soil samples from public spaces in Warsaw.
• To genotype isolated FLA and assess their pathogenic potential.
• To establish the first report on FLA in the Warsaw environment.

Main Methods:

• Collection of 23 soil samples from Warsaw parks and squares.
• Isolation of FLA using non-nutrient agar (NNA) plates at 26°C.
• Identification and genotyping via PCR, with thermophilicity tests for pathogenic potential assessment.

Main Results:

• 18 out of 23 samples (78.2%) yielded FLA.
• Acanthamoeba spp. was the predominant genus (13/18 samples), with genotype T4 being most frequent.
• Other isolated genera included Platyamoeba placida, Stenamoeba berchidia, and Allovahlkampfia sp.

Conclusions:

• FLA, including potentially pathogenic species, are present in Warsaw's urban soil.
• This study provides crucial baseline data on FLA in the region.
• Emphasizes the need for further research and development of detection strategies for FLA in public areas.