Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

873
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
873
Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

1
Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
1
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

22.5K
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
22.5K
Transcriptional Regulation: Riboswitches01:23

Transcriptional Regulation: Riboswitches

3
Riboswitches are RNA elements that regulate gene expression by altering their secondary structures in response to specific effector molecules. These elements, located in the leader regions of certain mRNAs, act as transcriptional regulators by toggling between alternative conformations to control downstream gene expression. Riboswitch-mediated regulation is a precise mechanism for modulating biosynthetic pathways, as exemplified by the riboflavin biosynthesis pathway in Bacillus...
3
Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

63.3K
Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
63.3K
Riboswitches01:56

Riboswitches

8.1K
Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
8.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Effects of curing sources and high-pressure processing on quality attributes of smoked hams.

Food science of animal resources·2026
Same author

Novel Endo-β-<i>N</i>-Acetylglucosaminidases Derived from Human Fecal Samples Selectively Release <i>N</i>-Glycans from Model Glycoproteins.

Foods (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Physicochemical composition, fatty acid profile, and sensory attributes of salted sun-dried meat from different bovine crossbreeds.

Tropical animal health and production·2025
Same author

Effects of liquid-based diets with breweries grains enriched with isolated starch and fish oil on veal quality.

Meat science·2024
Same author

Effect of Beef Silver Skin (Epimysium) Levels on Meat Emulsion Stability, Quality Attributes, and Texture Parameters.

Foods (Basel, Switzerland)·2023
Same author

Emodin Inhibited Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy in Response to Angiotensin-Induced Hypertension and Altered the Gut Microbiome.

Biomolecules·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Biotin-based Pulldown Assay to Validate mRNA Targets of Cellular miRNAs
11:00

Biotin-based Pulldown Assay to Validate mRNA Targets of Cellular miRNAs

Published on: June 12, 2018

13.7K

MicroRNA Biogenesis, Gene Regulation Mechanisms, and Availability in Foods.

Amilton S de Mello1, Bradley S Ferguson2, Erica L Shebs-Maurine1

  • 1Department of Agriculture, Veterinary and Rangeland Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno 1664 N. Virginia St. Mail Stop 202, Reno, NV 89557, USA.

Non-Coding RNA
|October 25, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Food-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) are absorbed in the gut and may impact host gene expression and metabolism. This review explores miRNA biogenesis, gene regulation, and dietary bioavailability for precision nutrition applications.

Keywords:
foodmicroRNAsnutrigenomics

More Related Videos

RNA Blot Analysis for the Detection and Quantification of Plant MicroRNAs
14:41

RNA Blot Analysis for the Detection and Quantification of Plant MicroRNAs

Published on: July 11, 2020

10.5K
mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation
06:16

mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation

Published on: May 1, 2021

2.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Biotin-based Pulldown Assay to Validate mRNA Targets of Cellular miRNAs
11:00

Biotin-based Pulldown Assay to Validate mRNA Targets of Cellular miRNAs

Published on: June 12, 2018

13.7K
RNA Blot Analysis for the Detection and Quantification of Plant MicroRNAs
14:41

RNA Blot Analysis for the Detection and Quantification of Plant MicroRNAs

Published on: July 11, 2020

10.5K
mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation
06:16

mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation

Published on: May 1, 2021

2.5K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally.
  • Emerging evidence suggests dietary miRNAs are bioavailable and absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT).
  • These exogenous miRNAs may interact with host genes, influencing epigenetic modifications and host metabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biogenesis and regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs.
  • To summarize the bioavailability of food-derived miRNAs from animal and plant sources.
  • To discuss the implications of exogenous miRNAs in precision nutrition and health modulation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of miRNA biogenesis and function.
  • Analysis of studies on miRNA absorption and bioavailability in the GIT.
  • Synthesis of research on epigenetic effects of dietary miRNAs on host metabolism.

Main Results:

  • miRNAs regulate gene expression by mRNA degradation or translational repression.
  • Food-derived miRNAs can survive digestion and be absorbed, reaching systemic circulation.
  • Exogenous miRNAs have the potential to induce epigenetic changes affecting host physiology.

Conclusions:

  • Dietary miRNAs represent a novel factor in host-gene interactions and metabolic regulation.
  • Understanding the bioavailability and impact of food miRNAs is crucial for developing precision nutrition strategies.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the full scope of exogenous miRNA effects on human health.