Best Practices for Assessing Problem-Solving
Contact us if these videos are not relevant.
Contact us if these videos are not relevant.
View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Assessing problem-solving, critical thinking, and creative thinking in pharmacy education is challenging. Combining standardized tools with validated rubrics is key for accurate measurement of student achievement.
Area Of Science
- Pharmacy Education
- Curricular Outcomes
- Entrustable Practice Activities
Background
- Problem-solving, critical thinking, and creative thinking are essential skills in pharmacy.
- Assessing these skills within pharmacy curricula presents unique challenges.
Purpose Of The Study
- To identify best practices for achieving and assessing the problem-solving subdomain in pharmacy education.
- Focus on problem-solving, critical thinking, and creative thinking (innovative mindset).
Main Methods
- Literature review of existing tools and approaches for skill assessment.
- Analysis of standardized instruments and validated rubrics for assignment design and performance evaluation.
Main Results
- Measuring these three distinct skills individually is difficult.
- Standardized instruments and validated rubrics are common approaches found in the literature.
Conclusions
- Further research is required to define and refine best practices in this assessment area.
- A combination of standardized tools and validated rubrics appears necessary for accurate measurement of student competency.
Contact us if these videos are not relevant.
Contact us if these videos are not relevant.
Related Concept Videos
Effective problem-solving consists of two steps: 1. identifying the problem and 2. selecting the appropriate problem-solving strategy (i.e., a plan of action used to find a solution). Humans use four problem-solving strategies:
Trial and Error: This involves testing multiple solutions until one works. Thomas Edison exemplified this by testing thousands of filaments for the light bulb. It's not the most efficient process, but it's often necessary when no clear path exists.
Algorithms:...
Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
A problem-solving strategy is a plan of action used to find a solution. Different strategies have distinct action plans. Trial and error involves trying different solutions until one works. For instance, to fix a broken printer, you might check ink levels, ensure the paper tray isn't jammed, and verify the printer's connection to your laptop. This method can be time-consuming but is commonly used. Thomas Edison, for example, used trial and error to find a suitable filament for the light...
Heuristics are problem-solving strategies that use mental shortcuts to simplify decision-making. Unlike algorithms, which must be followed precisely to achieve a correct result, heuristics offer a general problem-solving framework. They save time and energy but can sometimes lead to less rational decisions.
People often rely on heuristics when faced with an overload of information, limited time, low importance of the decision, limited information, or when a heuristic readily comes to mind. For...
Critical thinking helps decision-making and allows nurses to recognize barriers to success and find solutions to possible issues. It helps to brainstorm and implement ideas to achieve goals. Critical thinking helps acknowledge and state workflow inefficiencies while improving management techniques. Nurses understand the value of critical thinking and look for fellow nurses with critical thinking skills to upgrade their professional standards. Critical thinking can advance a nurse's career...
Critical thinking is a cognitive process with several attributes. The attributes of critical thinking include the following:
• Confidence: Confidence tends to grow with experience in recognizing strengths and limitations. One example is performing IV cannulations.
• Independent thinking: Independent thinking is essential to improve and expand nursing practice. An example is selecting nursing interventions that are best for the patient.
• Fairness: Fairness...