Migrasomes: Emerging organelles for unveiling physiopathology and advancing clinical implications

Jingyu Mei1, Xiaoli Cao2, Baocheng Zhou3

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China.

Life Sciences
|October 25, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Migrasomes, generated by migrating cells, are key organelles for cell communication and mitochondrial health. Further research into these pomegranate-like structures is crucial for understanding their roles in health and disease.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Organelle Biology

Background:

  • Migrasomes are novel, pomegranate-shaped organelles produced by migrating cells.
  • Their biogenesis and isolation methods are under active investigation.
  • Migrasomes play roles in cell-cell communication and mitochondrial homeostasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of migrasome distribution, biogenesis, and purification.
  • To explore the biological functions and roles of migrasomes in physiological and pathological conditions.
  • To highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of migrasomes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on migrasomes.
  • Summary of techniques for migrasome purification and identification.
  • Analysis of reported biological functions and disease associations.

Main Results:

  • Migrasome biogenesis and isolation techniques are advancing.
  • Migrasomes are implicated in diverse physiological and pathological processes.
  • Their potential in disease diagnosis and therapy is increasingly recognized.

Conclusions:

  • Migrasome research is an emerging field with significant potential.
  • Further investigation is needed to fully elucidate migrasome mechanisms and functions.
  • Migrasomes may offer novel avenues for disease diagnosis and treatment.

Related Concept Videos

Role of Myosin in Cell Migration01:18

Role of Myosin in Cell Migration

Myosins are multimeric motor proteins involved in various cellular processes such as migration, adhesion, and proliferation. Myosin II is the most common type in animal cells, which binds and cross-links actin filaments.
Myosin II  is a hexamer comprising two heavy chains with globular heads and coiled-coil tails, two regulatory light chains, and two essential light chains. The ATPase sites on the myosin heads hydrolyze ATP, and the released phosphate generates the force for contraction....
2.2K
Cell Migration01:09

Cell Migration

Cell migration, the process by which cells move from one location to another, is essential for the proper development and viability of organisms throughout their life. When cells are not able to migrate properly to their ordained locations, various disorders may occur. For example, disruption in cell migration causes chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
16.9K
Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration01:32

Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration

A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker...
4.7K
Fluid Mosaic Model01:19

Fluid Mosaic Model

Scientists identified the plasma membrane in the 1890s and its principal chemical components (lipids and proteins) by 1915. The model for plasma membrane structure, proposed in 1935 by Hugh Davson and James Danielli, was the first model to be widely accepted in the scientific community. The model was based on the plasma membrane's "railroad track" appearance in early electron micrographs. Davson and Danielli theorized that the plasma membrane's structure resembled a sandwich...
11.5K
Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies01:38

Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies

Intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) are small vesicles 50-80 nm in diameter formed during the maturation of early endosomes. A specialized endosome containing numerous ILVs is called a multivesicular body (MVB). ILVs contain internalized molecules such as antigens, nucleic acids, proteins, and metabolites. Some of these molecules are released from the MVBs inside exosomes and are transported to other cells. Other MVBs contain molecules that are retained in the ILVs and are later degraded within the...
3.4K
Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia01:35

Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia

Invadosome is a broad category of cell surface structures with proteolytic activity that  degrades the extracellular matrix (ECM). Invadosomes are present in normal cell types, including macrophages, endothelial cells, and neurons, as well as tumor cells. Although the macrophage podosomes and tumor cell invadopodia are classified as invadosomes, they have different structures, molecular pathways, and functions. Podosomes are short structures that last for a few minutes. However,...
2.3K