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Related Concept Videos

Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

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Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
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The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
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Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...
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The Anchoring-and-Adjustment Heuristic01:25

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In order to make good decisions, we use our knowledge and our reasoning. Often, this knowledge and reasoning is sound and solid. However, sometimes, we are swayed by biases or by others manipulating a situation. For example, let’s say you and three friends wanted to rent a house and had a combined target budget of $1,600. The realtor shows you only very run-down houses for $1,600 and then shows you a very nice house for $2,000. Might you ask each person to pay more in rent to get the...
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Heuristics01:21

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Heuristics are problem-solving strategies that use mental shortcuts to simplify decision-making. Unlike algorithms, which must be followed precisely to achieve a correct result, heuristics offer a general problem-solving framework. They save time and energy but can sometimes lead to less rational decisions.
People often rely on heuristics when faced with an overload of information, limited time, low importance of the decision, limited information, or when a heuristic readily comes to mind. For...
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Subconsciousness and No Awareness01:15

Subconsciousness and No Awareness

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The concept of subconscious awareness refers to the processing of information below the level of conscious thought, which significantly influences both behaviors and decisions. It is also known as waking subconscious awareness. This complex level of cognition operates without the direct awareness of the individual, facilitating rapid and simultaneous handling of multiple information streams.
An illustrative example of subconscious processing is its role in problem-solving. Often, individuals...
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Shifts in task absorption during decision-making episodes.

Jesus Juyumaya1, Juan Pablo Torres2, Pedro Maldonado3

  • 1Escuela de Ingeniería Comercial, Facultad de Economía y Negocios, Universidad Santo Tomás, Santiago, Chile. jesusjuyumayafu@santotomas.cl.

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New technology impacts work dynamics. Job resources boost task absorption and performance, moderated by job demands, highlighting the importance of time management for better decision-making.

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Area of Science:

  • Organizational Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Technological advancements are reshaping organizational work dynamics.
  • Understanding cognitive mechanisms in decision-making is crucial.
  • The Job Demands-Resources theory and Episodic Process Model offer frameworks for analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of new technology on organizational work dynamics.
  • To examine cognitive mechanisms influencing task performance during decision-making episodes.
  • To explore the mediating role of task absorption between job demands/resources and performance.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of the Job Demands-Resources theory and Episodic Process Model.
  • Utilizing the Beer Distribution Game for decision-making simulation.
  • Employing neuroscience-based eye-tracking techniques to analyze visual attention.

Main Results:

  • Episodic job resources positively influence task absorption and performance.
  • Job demands moderate the relationship between job resources and task absorption.
  • Visual attention dynamics correlate with task absorption and performance.

Conclusions:

  • Task absorption is significant in how job resources affect decision-making performance.
  • Neurofeedback training programs can enhance decision-making skills.
  • Individual time management is key to improving task performance amidst technological change.