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PON1 and PON3 in Alzheimer's Disease: Similar Functions but Different Roles
Alessandro Trentini1, Valentina Rosta1, Raffaella Riccetti1
1Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 26, 2024
Summary
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity decreases in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), while Paraoxonase 3 (PON3) levels remain unchanged. PON3 shows a selective correlation with Myeloperoxidase (MPO), suggesting a role in dysfunctional HDL.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Neuroscience
- Cardiovascular Research
Background:
- Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and Paraoxonase 3 (PON3) are HDL-associated enzymes with antioxidant roles.
- Myeloperoxidase (MPO) influences HDL functionality.
- PON1 is linked to Alzheimer's Disease (AD), but PON3's role is unstudied.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of PON3 in AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
- To compare PON3 levels and PON1 activity in AD, MCI, and control groups.
- To explore the relationship between PON3, PON1, and MPO.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of serum PON3 protein levels.
- Measurement of PON1-arylesterase activity.
- Quantification of MPO protein concentration and activity in 99 AD patients, 100 MCI patients, and 79 controls.
Main Results:
- Serum PON3 levels were consistent across all groups.
- PON1-arylesterase activity was significantly lower in AD and MCI patients compared to controls.
- PON3 showed a positive correlation with MPO concentration and activity, independent of PON1 activity.
Conclusions:
- PON1 activity, but not PON3 levels, is altered in AD and MCI.
- PON3 exhibits a distinct association with MPO, potentially indicating its presence on dysfunctional HDL.
- This study highlights differential roles of PON1 and PON3 in AD pathogenesis.
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