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Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Its Impact on Pediatric Lung Function, Aerobic Fitness, and Body Mass: Evidence from a

Ivan Pavić1,2, Iva Topalušić1, Tamara Poljičanin3

  • 1Department of Pulmonology, Allergology, Immunology and Rheumatology, Children's Hospital Zagreb, Klaićeva Street 16, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 26, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure in children is linked to reduced lung function and poorer physical fitness. Daily SHS exposure also correlates with higher body mass index (BMI) in children aged 10-14.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Environmental Health
  • Childhood Obesity

Background:

  • Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure is a known risk factor for pediatric respiratory illnesses.
  • Previous research indicates SHS negatively impacts lung function in children.
  • This study examines SHS effects on lung function, physical fitness, and BMI in school-aged children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of daily SHS exposure on lung function.
  • To assess the relationship between SHS exposure and physical fitness levels.
  • To determine the association between SHS exposure and body mass index (BMI) in children.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study involving 157 children aged 10-14.
  • SHS exposure assessed via questionnaire.
  • Lung function measured by spirometry (FVC, FEV1, PEF); physical fitness by shuttle run (BEEP test); BMI by anthropometric measurements.

Main Results:

  • Children with daily SHS exposure exhibited significantly lower FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and PEF (p < 0.001).
  • Daily SHS exposure was associated with higher z-score BMI levels (p = 0.018).
  • Unexposed children had significantly better odds for higher physical fitness (BEEP test scores) (OR 62.45, p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Daily SHS exposure in children is associated with impaired lung function.
  • SHS exposure is linked to increased BMI and reduced physical fitness in children.
  • These findings highlight the adverse health effects of SHS on children's respiratory and metabolic health.
Abstract

Keywords:
childrenlung functionphysical fitnesssecondhand smoke

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