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Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
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Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

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Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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The Wilcoxon signed-rank test for matched pairs evaluates the null hypothesis by combining the ranks of differences with their signs. It essentially tests whether the median of the differences in a population of matched pairs is zero. Since the test incorporates more information than the sign test, it generally yields more trustable conclusions. This test also does not require the data to follow a normal distribution, but two conditions must be met for it to be applicable: (1) the data must...
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A Causal Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes and Candidiasis through Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis.

Juan Xiong1, Hui Lu1, Yuanying Jiang1

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.

Microorganisms
|October 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study suggests a genetic link between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and candidiasis. Mendelian randomization analysis provides evidence for a causal relationship, highlighting a potential connection between these conditions.

Keywords:
Mendelian randomizationcandidiasisgenetic causal relationshiptype 2 diabetes

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Epidemiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and candidiasis are significant health concerns.
  • The exact causal link between T2D and candidiasis remains unclear.
  • Understanding this relationship is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential genetic causal relationship between T2D and candidiasis.
  • To utilize Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore genetic correlations.
  • To provide evidence for a potential link between T2D and fungal infections.

Main Methods:

  • Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was employed.
  • Inverse-variance-weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted median analyses were performed.
  • Genetic variants associated with T2D were used to infer causality with candidiasis.

Main Results:

  • Significant genetic causal relationships were found between T2D (including wide definition and severe autoimmune T2D) and candidiasis.
  • IVW analysis showed a significant link (p=0.0264).
  • MR-Egger and weighted median analyses further supported the association.

Conclusions:

  • This MR study provides evidence for a genetic correlation between type 2 diabetes and candidiasis.
  • The findings suggest a potential causal link that warrants further investigation.
  • This research contributes to understanding the complex interplay between metabolic and infectious diseases.