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Shifts in Racial Inequalities and White Backlash in the 21st Century U.S
Apoorva Sarmal1, Leah Cha2, Allison L Skinner1
1University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin
|October 26, 2024
Summary
Reductions in racial inequality in the U.S. can unfortunately lead to increased pro-White attitudes among White residents. This suggests that progress toward racial equality may threaten the status quo, prompting backlash.
Area of Science:
- Social Psychology
- Sociology
- Political Science
Background:
- Historical progress toward racial equality in the U.S. has not been linear.
- Reductions in racial inequalities have often been met with racist backlash.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine if shifts in state-level racial inequalities predict implicit and explicit racial attitudes among White U.S. residents.
- To test the hypothesis that increasing racial equality is perceived as threatening.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of state-level data on racial inequalities in structural areas.
- Examination of implicit and explicit racial attitudes among a large sample of White U.S. residents (N = 222,203).
Main Results:
- A majority of significant effects indicated increased pro-White attitudes among White residents in states where racial inequalities decreased.
- Reductions in government assistance and employment inequalities predicted greater pro-White attitudes.
Conclusions:
- Reductions in state-level racial inequalities may threaten the status quo for White Americans.
- Heightened pro-White attitudes among White residents may be a consequence of decreasing racial disparities.
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