Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 17, 2026
Isolation of Human Endothelial Cells from Normal Colon and Colorectal Carcinoma - An Improved Protocol
Published on: April 4, 2018
Food grade titanium dioxide induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in colon cells: Comparison between normal and
Alina Uribe-García1, Estefany I Medina-Reyes1, Carlos A Flores-Reyes1
1Laboratorio de Carcinogénesis y Toxicología, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. de los Barrios No. 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla de Baz, Estado de México CP 54090, Mexico.
Background:
Food-grade titanium dioxide (E171) has been under scrutiny in the last decade since its possible adverse effects; however, the cellular mechanisms underlying E171 toxicity have not been thoroughly described.
Aim:
We aimed to compare the effects of E171 on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis in normal and cancer colon cells.
Experimental Design:
We exposed normal, carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma cells to 0.1, 1, 10, 50 and 100 μg/cm2 of E171 for 24, 48 and 72 h, and we evaluated ER stress, cell viability, titanium uptake, intracellular calcium concentration, and gene expression related to unfolded protein response (UPR) and chaperone pathways.
Results:
Cell viability decreased only after 72 h of exposure to 100 μg/cm2 of E171. Adenocarcinoma cells internalized higher titanium amounts than normal and carcinoma cells, but the effects in ER distribution, intracellular calcium concentration, and gene expression were similar among the three cell lines. The expression of UPR and chaperone pathways were downregulated at the lowest concentrations but upregulated at the highest concentrations in the three cell lines.
Conclusion:
E171 induces ER stress through alterations in ER distribution, intracellular calcium, and UPR and chaperone protein pathways.
More Related Videos
04:53Detection of Total Reactive Oxygen Species in Adherent Cells by 2',7'-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein Diacetate Staining
Published on: June 23, 2020
06:31Author Spotlight: Studying the Epithelial Effects of Intestinal Inflammation In Vitro on Established Murine Colonoids
Published on: June 2, 2023
